Kretsch M J, Green M W, Fong A K, Elliman N A, Johnson H L
U.S. Department of Agricultural, Agriculture Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Presidio of San Francisco, California 94129, USA.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997 Jan;21(1):14-21. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800353.
To investigate if long-term caloric restriction under controlled conditions adversely affects cognitive function in obese women.
Healthy, premenopausal women between 23-42 y. Dieting group: n = 14.
n = 11.
Longitudinal weight loss study (repeated measures within-subject design) with 3 weeks of baseline, 15 weeks of 50% caloric restriction, and 3 weeks of weight stabilization.
Computerized cognitive function tests (sustained attention, short-term memory, simple reaction time, motor performance and attentional focus), height, body weight, body composition (TOBEC) and behavioral questionnaires (Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory).
Dieting women lost 12.3 +/- 5.5 kg (mean +/- s.d.) of body weight. Controlled long-term caloric restriction significantly slowed simple reaction time but did not diminish sustained attention, motor performance or immediate memory. Word recall performance significantly improved by 24% at the end of caloric restriction.
The slowing of simple reaction time is a short-term and long-term consequence of caloric restriction. In contrast to previous short-term dieting studies, sustained attention and immediate memory were not impaired with long-term caloric restriction.
研究在可控条件下长期热量限制是否会对肥胖女性的认知功能产生不利影响。
年龄在23 - 42岁之间的健康绝经前女性。节食组：n = 14。
n = 11。
纵向体重减轻研究（受试者内重复测量设计），包括3周基线期、15周50%热量限制期和3周体重稳定期。
计算机化认知功能测试（持续注意力、短期记忆、简单反应时间、运动表现和注意力焦点）、身高、体重、身体成分（TOBEC）以及行为问卷（荷兰饮食行为问卷、饮食态度测试和状态 - 特质焦虑量表）。
节食女性体重减轻了12.3 +/- 5.5千克（均值 +/- 标准差）。可控的长期热量限制显著减慢了简单反应时间，但并未降低持续注意力、运动表现或即时记忆。在热量限制结束时，单词回忆表现显著提高了24%。
简单反应时间减慢是热量限制的短期和长期结果。与之前的短期节食研究不同，长期热量限制并未损害持续注意力和即时记忆。
