Akang E E
Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Pediatr Pathol Lab Med. 1996 Sep-Oct;16(5):791-800.
Childhood neoplasms provide a fertile field for epidemiological research and afford a unique opportunity for studying possible mechanisms of carcinogenesis. The present study reviews 1881 malignant childhood neoplasms in children less than 15 years of age seen in the University College Hospital, Ibadan during an 18-year period. The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1 and modal age of occurrence was 10 years. The most common childhood neoplasms were lymphomas (45.4%), retinoblastomas (9.7%), and malignant renal neoplasms (8.5%). Burkitt's lymphoma constituted 92% of all lymphomas and 37% of all childhood tumors. Comparison of two clinicopathological studies of childhood cancer in Ibadan between 1960-1972 and 1973-1990 revealed a dramatic upsurge in the relative frequencies of intracranial neoplasms, leukemias, renal neoplasms, and retinoblastomas, with a decline in the relative frequencies of bone neoplasms and Burkitt's lymphoma during the latter period. Whether these changes reflect actual changes in the distribution of childhood cancer in the local population will require further study.
儿童肿瘤为流行病学研究提供了丰富的领域，并为研究致癌的可能机制提供了独特的机会。本研究回顾了在伊巴丹大学学院医院18年期间所见的15岁以下儿童的1881例恶性肿瘤。男女比例为1.4:1，发病的高峰年龄为10岁。最常见的儿童肿瘤是淋巴瘤（45.4%）、视网膜母细胞瘤（9.7%）和恶性肾肿瘤（8.5%）。伯基特淋巴瘤占所有淋巴瘤的92%，占所有儿童肿瘤的37%。对伊巴丹1960 - 1972年和1973 - 1990年期间两项儿童癌症临床病理研究的比较显示，颅内肿瘤、白血病、肾肿瘤和视网膜母细胞瘤的相对频率急剧上升，而在后一时期骨肿瘤和伯基特淋巴瘤的相对频率下降。这些变化是否反映了当地人群中儿童癌症分布的实际变化，还有待进一步研究。
