De Rodas B Z, Gilliland S E, Maxwell C V
Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078, USA.
J Dairy Sci. 1996 Dec;79(12):2121-8. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(96)76586-4.
Thirty-three Yorkshire barrows (92 kg), fed a high cholesterol diet for 14 d had mean concentrations of serum cholesterol of 294.6 +/- 7.8 mg/dl. Starting on d 15 and for an additional 15 d, crystalline cholesterol was removed from the diet and pigs were assigned to one of four treatments: including two levels of calcium (0.7% and 1.4%) with and without added viable Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 43121 (2.5 x 10(11) cells per feeding). Serum cholesterol levels decreased, as expected, for all groups. However, the declines were initiated sooner for the groups receiving L. acidophilus. and those receiving the high level of calcium than for the respective control groups. When averaged over days, pigs fed L. acidophilus had 11.8% lower total cholesterol than pigs fed a diet without L. acidophilus. Similarly, pigs fed 1.4% calcium had a significantly lower total cholesterol than pigs fed 0.7% calcium. The effects were greater on low density lipoprotein cholesterol than on high density lipoprotein cholesterol. In addition, during the overall 15-d experimental period, serum bile acids were reduced 23.9% by dietary L. acidophilus and by 21.4% by 1.4% dietary calcium compared with those of their controls. Total bile acid concentration was positively correlated with total cholesterol concentration for pigs fed L. acidophilus or 1.4% calcium. These data suggest that both L. acidophilus and calcium can enhance the reduction of serum cholesterol in pigs that had been fed a high cholesterol diet, probably through alteration in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids.
33头约克夏仔猪（体重92千克），饲喂高胆固醇日粮14天，血清胆固醇平均浓度为294.6±7.8毫克/分升。从第15天开始，再持续15天，从日粮中去除结晶胆固醇，并将猪分为四种处理组之一：包括两种钙水平（0.7%和1.4%），添加或不添加活的嗜酸乳杆菌ATCC 43121（每次饲喂2.5×10¹¹个细胞）。如预期的那样，所有组的血清胆固醇水平均下降。然而，接受嗜酸乳杆菌的组和接受高水平钙的组比各自的对照组更早开始下降。按天数平均计算，饲喂嗜酸乳杆菌的猪的总胆固醇比不饲喂嗜酸乳杆菌的猪低11.8%。同样，饲喂1.4%钙的猪的总胆固醇明显低于饲喂0.7%钙的猪。对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响大于对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响。此外，在整个15天的实验期内，与对照组相比，日粮中的嗜酸乳杆菌使血清胆汁酸降低了23.9%，1.4%的日粮钙使血清胆汁酸降低了21.4%。对于饲喂嗜酸乳杆菌或1.4%钙的猪，总胆汁酸浓度与总胆固醇浓度呈正相关。这些数据表明，嗜酸乳杆菌和钙都可以增强饲喂高胆固醇日粮的猪的血清胆固醇降低，可能是通过改变胆汁酸的肠肝循环来实现的。
