Feuerstein M, Berkowitz S M, Peck C A
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.
J Occup Environ Med. 1997 Jan;39(1):68-78. doi: 10.1097/00043764-199701000-00013.
Research on military populations indicates that musculoskeletal-related disorders represent a prevalent source of outpatient visits, lost work time, hospitalization, and disability. Despite the increasing role of women in the military, little is known regarding the association among military occupations, gender, and disability. The study presented here analyzed 41,750 disability cases to determine: (1) prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disability, (2) specific jobs associated with greater risk of musculoskeletal disability, and (3) association among gender, job-type, and disability. Results indicate: (1) back-related disorders represent the most prevalent sources of disability, (2) certain occupations were associated with higher disability risk, (3) women experienced higher overall, and musculoskeletal, disability risk, and (4) specific jobs were identified in which women experienced higher rates of musculoskeletal disability. These findings highlight the need to consider the interaction between workplace factors and gender on disability in the military work force.
针对军人群体的研究表明，肌肉骨骼相关疾病是门诊就诊、误工、住院和残疾的常见原因。尽管女性在军队中的作用日益增加，但对于军事职业、性别和残疾之间的关联却知之甚少。本文所呈现的研究分析了41750例残疾案例，以确定：（1）与工作相关的肌肉骨骼残疾的患病率；（2）与肌肉骨骼残疾风险较高相关的具体工作；（3）性别、工作类型和残疾之间的关联。结果表明：（1）背部相关疾病是最常见的残疾原因；（2）某些职业与较高的残疾风险相关；（3）女性总体残疾风险以及肌肉骨骼残疾风险更高；（4）确定了女性肌肉骨骼残疾发生率较高的具体工作。这些发现凸显了在军事劳动力中考虑工作场所因素与性别之间相互作用对残疾影响的必要性。
