Brage S, Bjerkedal T, Bruusgaard D
Institute of General Practice and Community Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
Scand J Soc Med. 1997 Mar;25(1):50-7. doi: 10.1177/140349489702500111.
The aim of this study was to investigate the occupation-specific prevalence of musculoskeletal disease in Norway. A cross-sectional interview survey of a representative sample of households in Norway in 1985, including 6,681 persons, 16 to 66 years old was carried out. Age-standardised, occupation-specific prevalence ratios for musculoskeletal disease were calculated. Musculoskeletal diseases were more frequent in women (20.6%) than men (17.3%), and increased markedly with age. In men, the prevalence was highest for construction carpenters; in women, for manufacturing/construction workers. In both male and female occupations, the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases was approximately two-fold that of the lowest. Health-related exits from the labour force, and mobility between occupations influenced the results. It is suggested that the high disability pensioning and sickness absence rates observed in some occupations are related to occupation-specific consequences of disease in addition to higher morbidity.
本研究的目的是调查挪威特定职业中肌肉骨骼疾病的患病率。1985年对挪威具有代表性的家庭样本进行了横断面访谈调查，样本包括6681名年龄在16至66岁之间的人。计算了年龄标准化的特定职业肌肉骨骼疾病患病率。肌肉骨骼疾病在女性（20.6%）中比男性（17.3%）更常见，并且随年龄显著增加。在男性中，建筑木匠的患病率最高；在女性中，制造业/建筑工人的患病率最高。在男性和女性职业中，肌肉骨骼疾病的最高患病率约为最低患病率的两倍。与健康相关的劳动力退出以及职业间流动影响了结果。研究表明，某些职业中观察到的高残疾抚恤金和病假率，除了发病率较高外，还与特定职业的疾病后果有关。
