Hu F B, Persky V, Flay B R, Richardson J
School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
J Asthma. 1997;34(1):67-76. doi: 10.3109/02770909709071205.
Asthma and related factors were assessed by mailed questionnaires among 2041 young adult participants in a smoking prevention project in California in 1993. Hispanics had lower prevalence of physician-reported asthma when compared to blacks and whites. Blacks were significantly more likely to be hospitalized or visit emergency rooms because of asthma or wheezing. After adjusting for sex, race, and educational level, family history of asthma was strongly associated with subjects' asthma (odds ratio = 3.1, 95% CI: 2.4-4.3 for physician-reported asthma; OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 2.4-4.5 for current asthma). Exposure to parental smoking (both parents smoked more than half a pack of cigarettes a day) during childhood (reported when participants were in grade 7) was significantly associated with physician-reported asthma (OR = 2.9, 95% CI: 1.6-5.6) and current asthma (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.7-6.4). The study also found that self-reported mold growth at home was significantly associated with asthma (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2-3.2). After adjusting for cigarette smoking and demographic variables, use of crack cocaine was marginally significantly associated with current asthma (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.0-5.2), but not with physician-reported asthma (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 0.7-3.3).
1993年，通过邮寄问卷的方式，对加利福尼亚州一个吸烟预防项目中的2041名年轻成年参与者进行了哮喘及相关因素评估。与黑人和白人相比，西班牙裔医生报告的哮喘患病率较低。黑人因哮喘或喘息而住院或前往急诊室的可能性显著更高。在对性别、种族和教育水平进行调整后，哮喘家族史与受试者的哮喘密切相关（比值比=3.1，95%置信区间：医生报告的哮喘为2.4-4.3；当前哮喘为OR=3.3，95%置信区间：2.4-4.5）。童年时期（参与者七年级时报告）暴露于父母吸烟（父母双方每天吸烟超过半包）与医生报告的哮喘（OR=2.9，95%置信区间：1.6-5.6）和当前哮喘（OR=3.3，95%置信区间：1.7-6.4）显著相关。该研究还发现，自我报告的家中霉菌生长与哮喘显著相关（OR=2.0，95%置信区间：1.2-3.2）。在对吸烟和人口统计学变量进行调整后，使用快克可卡因与当前哮喘略有显著关联（OR=2.3，95%置信区间：1.0-5.2），但与医生报告的哮喘无关（OR=1.5，95%置信区间：0.7-3.3）。
