Bam J, Noakes T D, Juritz J, Dennis S C
Medical Research Council/University of Cape Town Bioenergetics of Exercise Research Unit, Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Newlands, South Africa.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 Feb;29(2):244-7. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199702000-00013.
To test a hypothesis that the differences in running performances between men and women narrow with increasing race distance, recent best running speeds (m.s-1) of 28 female ultramarathon runners over racing distances from 5 to 90 km were compared with those of male runners matched for 56 km race time, age and training. These comparisons revealed that the men ran faster than the women over 5 to 42.2 km (P < 0.01-0.05), but not in a 90-km race (2.82 +/- 0.04 vs 2.90 +/- 0.09 m.s-1). Declines in the men's and women's running speeds with increasing race distances were best fitted by Y = 2.9.exp.(-0.01.X) + 1.7 and Y = 2.1.exp.(-0.01.X) + 2.0 equations (r = -0.99). Differences between the exponential declines in the men's and women's running speeds over longer race distances were best fitted by a linear Y = -0.006 (X-66) equation (r = -0.98, P < 0.001). The negative slope and the X-axis intercept of this equation at 66 km supports the hypothesis that women ultramarathon runners have greater fatigue resistance than do equally trained men whose performances are superior up to the marathon distance.
为了验证随着比赛距离增加，男女跑步成绩差异会缩小这一假设，将28名女性超级马拉松运动员在5至90公里比赛距离上的近期最佳跑步速度（米/秒）与在56公里比赛时间、年龄和训练方面相匹配的男性运动员的速度进行了比较。这些比较表明，在5至42.2公里的赛程中男性跑得比女性快（P < 0.01 - 0.05），但在90公里的比赛中并非如此（2.82 +/- 0.04对2.90 +/- 0.09米/秒）。男性和女性跑步速度随比赛距离增加的下降情况最适合用Y = 2.9.exp.(-0.01.X) + 1.7和Y = 2.1.exp.(-0.01.X) + 2.0方程来拟合（r = -0.99）。在更长比赛距离上，男性和女性跑步速度指数下降之间的差异最适合用线性Y = -0.006 (X - 66)方程来拟合（r = -0.98，P < 0.001）。该方程的负斜率和在66公里处的X轴截距支持了这一假设，即女性超级马拉松运动员比同等训练的男性具有更强的抗疲劳能力，而男性在马拉松距离之前的表现更优。
