Bruno G, Giampietro P G, Businco L
Istituto di Clinica Pediatrica, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza.
Minerva Pediatr. 1996 Oct;48(10):413-9.
With the cooperation of 12 Maternity Hospitals we have started a prospective study to evaluate the effect of dietary and environmental measures in the development of atopic disease in "at risk" newborns. The preventive measures included: exclusive breast feeding for the first 6 months of life, soy milk supplement when breast milk is not sufficient, elimination of house dust, no smoking in the house, etc. All infants were seen at the age of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months and twice-a-year afterwards. 1213 babies have been enrolled. At the last follow-up of 48 months 531 children are 4 year old. The cumulative prevalence of atopic disease was 20%: 11 (2%) children developed atopic dermatitis, 69 (13%) asthma, 21 (4%) rinithis, 5 (1%) urticaria. The low prevalence of atopic disease and the trivial course of the allergic manifestations in the children who followed the preventive measures (78/444 = 18%) and the higher (28/87 = 32%) in these who did not (p < 0.01) stressed the importance of such manipulations for the prevention of atopy in "at risk" babies.
在12家妇产医院的合作下，我们开展了一项前瞻性研究，以评估饮食和环境措施对“高危”新生儿特应性疾病发展的影响。预防措施包括：出生后头6个月纯母乳喂养，母乳不足时补充豆浆，清除室内灰尘，室内禁止吸烟等。所有婴儿在1、3、6、9、12个月时接受检查，之后每年检查两次。已招募1213名婴儿。在48个月的最后一次随访中，有531名儿童年满4岁。特应性疾病的累积患病率为20%：11名（2%）儿童患特应性皮炎，69名（13%）患哮喘，21名（4%）患鼻炎，5名（1%）患荨麻疹。采取预防措施的儿童中特应性疾病患病率较低且过敏表现轻微（78/444 = 18%），未采取预防措施的儿童中患病率较高（28/87 = 32%）（p < 0.01），这强调了这些措施对预防“高危”婴儿特应性疾病的重要性。
