Hakkola M, Saarinen L
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Ann Occup Hyg. 1996 Feb;40(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/0003-4878(95)00053-4.
The purpose of this study was to measure the exposure of road tanker drivers at work to gasoline and some of its components. The occupational hygiene measurements were made in two depots (one in northern Finland and the other in southern Finland) and in 11 service stations of a Finnish oil company during the loading and delivery of road tankers. Of the 21 measurements made, four were taken during top submerged loading of the road tankers and six during bottom loading at the depot. Eleven measurements were made during delivery at service stations. The duration of measurements varied from 10 to 44 min. The exposure of road tanker drivers to C3-C11 hydrocarbons of gasoline was under 300 mg m-3 during bottom loading measurements and during top loading exceeded 300 mg m-3 two measurements (50%). During delivery at service stations the exposure to C3-C11 hydrocarbons of gasoline exceeded 300 mg m-3 in four measurement (36%). The exposure of road tanker drivers during delivery depended mainly on the distance between working area and the emission point of discharging vapours from the tank, vents and wind direction. The mean exposures of road tanker drivers to benzene during loading and delivery were 1.1-18 mg m-3 in various situations. The mean exposures to n-hexane, to toluene and to xylene were 0.7-6.0, 1.4-11 and 0.8-4 mg m-3, respectively. The exposures to methyl-tert-butyl ether were between 13 and 91 mg m-3. All measurements were made during the summer. However, the temperature varied between 4 and 22 degrees C.
本研究的目的是测量公路油罐车司机在工作中接触汽油及其某些成分的情况。职业卫生测量在两个油库(一个位于芬兰北部,另一个位于芬兰南部)以及一家芬兰石油公司的11个加油站进行,测量时段为公路油罐车装卸期间。在总共进行的21次测量中,有4次是在公路油罐车顶部浸没式装载期间进行的,6次是在油库底部装载期间进行的。在加油站配送期间进行了11次测量。测量持续时间从10分钟到44分钟不等。在底部装载测量期间,公路油罐车司机接触汽油中C3 - C11碳氢化合物的浓度低于300毫克/立方米,而在顶部装载期间,有两次测量(50%)超过了300毫克/立方米。在加油站配送期间,有4次测量(36%)汽油中C3 - C11碳氢化合物的接触浓度超过300毫克/立方米。公路油罐车司机在配送期间的接触情况主要取决于工作区域与罐体、通风口排放蒸汽的排放点之间的距离以及风向。在各种情况下,公路油罐车司机在装卸和配送期间接触苯的平均浓度为1.1 - 18毫克/立方米。接触正己烷、甲苯和二甲苯的平均浓度分别为0.7 - 6.0毫克/立方米、1.4 - 11毫克/立方米和0.8 - 4毫克/立方米。接触甲基叔丁基醚的浓度在13至91毫克/立方米之间。所有测量均在夏季进行。然而,温度在4摄氏度至22摄氏度之间变化。