Casey B J, Castellanos F X, Giedd J N, Marsh W L, Hamburger S D, Schubert A B, Vauss Y C, Vaituzis A C, Dickstein D P, Sarfatti S E, Rapoport J L
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997 Mar;36(3):374-83. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199703000-00016.
To examine the relation between specific frontostriatal structures (prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia) and response inhibition deficits observed in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Children with ADHD and age-matched normal controls were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tested on three response inhibition tasks. Behavioral performance was correlated with MRI-based anatomical measures of frontostriatal circuitry (prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia) implicated in ADHD.
First, significant differences in performance by children with ADHD and normal volunteers were observed on all three response inhibition tasks. Second, performance on these tasks correlated only with those anatomical measures of frontostriatal circuitry observed to be abnormal in children with ADHD (e.g., the region of the prefrontal cortex, caudate, and globus pallidus, but not the putamen) in the authors' previous study. Third, significant correlations between task performance and anatomical measures of the prefrontal cortex and caudate nuclei were predominantly in the right hemisphere, supporting a role of right frontostriatal circuitry in response inhibition and ADHD.
The data suggest a role of the right prefrontal cortex in suppressing responses to salient, but otherwise irrelevant events while the basal ganglia appear to be involved in executing these behavioral responses.
研究特定额纹状体结构（前额叶皮质和基底神经节）与注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）中观察到的反应抑制缺陷之间的关系。
对患有ADHD的儿童和年龄匹配的正常对照组进行磁共振成像（MRI）扫描，并在三项反应抑制任务上进行测试。行为表现与基于MRI的ADHD相关额纹状体回路（前额叶皮质和基底神经节）的解剖学测量值相关。
首先，在所有三项反应抑制任务中，观察到患有ADHD的儿童和正常志愿者在表现上存在显著差异。其次，这些任务的表现仅与作者先前研究中观察到的ADHD儿童额纹状体回路的那些解剖学测量值相关（例如，前额叶皮质、尾状核和苍白球区域，但不包括壳核）。第三，任务表现与前额叶皮质和尾状核的解剖学测量值之间的显著相关性主要在右侧半球，支持右侧额纹状体回路在反应抑制和ADHD中的作用。
数据表明右侧前额叶皮质在抑制对显著但其他方面无关事件的反应中起作用，而基底神经节似乎参与执行这些行为反应。
