Choi I H, Shim J S, Seong S C, Lee M C, Song K Y, Park S C, Chung C Y, Cho T J, Lee D Y
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Korea.
Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 1997;56(1):34-40.
The purpose of this study was to investigate kinetics of the osteoblast lineage in the periosteum and endosteum according to different distraction rates in distraction osteogenesis of rat's tibia. An osteotomy was performed on 144 rats at the proximal diaphysis of the left tibia. The lengthening process was started after a latency period of 3 days, with varying distraction rates of 0.25 mm (group I), 0.5 mm (group II), 0.75 mm (group III), 1.0 mm (group IV) and proceeded until a 3.5 mm length gain was achieved. The animals that had an osteotomy alone, without lengthening, served as a control (group V). Immunohistochemical staining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), osteocalcin, and transglutaminase C (TGase C) were done on the four animals in each group sacrificed at post-distraction days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 in order to observe the temporal changes among the experimental and control groups. Also, in order to compare the staining rates at a given length gain among the groups, animals in each group were additionally sacrificed 2 days post-distraction in group II; 2 and 4 days in group III; and 1.5, 2 and 2.5 days in group IV. The results of the expression rates of PCNA, osteocalcin, and TGase C in each group were analyzed quantitatively. The immunohistochemical study on callotasis of rat's tibia revealed that the osteoblast lineage in the periosteum is more activated than that in the endosteum for proliferation and differentiation by distraction, suggesting that the periosteum plays a more important role in neoosteogenesis in the distraction gap. Daily distraction rates ranging from 0.25 mm to 0.75 mm in two increments is appropriate for successful distraction osteogenesis of rat's tibia, but the rate of 0.25 mm a day is significantly better than that of 0.75 mm as was made evident in the immunohistochemical observations.
本研究的目的是根据大鼠胫骨牵张成骨中不同的牵张速率，研究骨膜和骨内膜中成骨细胞谱系的动力学。对144只大鼠的左胫骨近端骨干进行截骨术。在3天的潜伏期后开始延长过程，牵张速率分别为0.25毫米（I组）、0.5毫米（II组）、0.75毫米（III组）、1.0毫米（IV组），并持续进行直至实现3.5毫米的长度增加。仅进行截骨术而不进行延长的动物作为对照（V组）。在牵张后第1、3、5、7、14和28天处死每组中的4只动物，对增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）、骨钙素和转谷氨酰胺酶C（TGase C）进行免疫组织化学染色，以观察实验组和对照组之间的时间变化。此外，为了比较各组在给定长度增加时的染色率，II组在牵张后2天额外处死动物；III组在牵张后2天和4天额外处死动物；IV组在牵张后1.5天、2天和2.5天额外处死动物。对每组中PCNA、骨钙素和TGase C的表达率结果进行定量分析。大鼠胫骨骨痂形成的免疫组织化学研究表明，牵张可使骨膜中的成骨细胞谱系比骨内膜中的成骨细胞谱系在增殖和分化方面更活跃，这表明骨膜在牵张间隙的新骨形成中起更重要的作用。对于大鼠胫骨成功的牵张成骨，每天0.25毫米至0.75毫米的牵张速率分两次递增是合适的，但免疫组织化学观察表明，每天0.25毫米的速率明显优于每天0.75毫米的速率。
