Kraft P, Svendsen T, Hauknes A
HEMIL-senteret Universitetet i Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1997 Jan 30;117(3):340-5.
This article presents data on nicotine dependence among daily smokers in Norway in terms of Fagerströms Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Nicotine dependence was higher among those smoking hand-rolled cigarettes than among those smoking manufactured cigarettes, in spite of the fact that the average number of cigarettes smoked per day was the same for both groups. The dependence also increased the lower the age of starting to smoke daily. Nicotine dependence was higher among daily smokers with a low level of education than among smokers with a higher level of education. This difference was explained by a difference in the proportion of respondents who smoked hand-rolled cigarettes in the two groups. The data are discussed in light of Norwegian research showing that hand-rolled cigarettes can contain two to three times as much nicotine and tar as manufactured cigarettes. When smokers of hand-rolled cigarettes are less motivated to quit they are exposed to greater health injury than smokers of manufactured cigarettes. The price of (and tax on) a hand-rolled cigarette is about half the price of a manufactured cigarette. Raising the tax on rolling tobacco would be very effective in promoting health and would have the particularly precise effect of reducing the differences in occurrence of disease and premature death among different social groups.
本文根据尼古丁依赖程度的法格斯特龙测试（FTND）呈现了挪威每日吸烟者的尼古丁依赖数据。尽管两组每日吸烟的平均数量相同，但吸手卷烟者的尼古丁依赖程度高于吸机制卷烟者。开始每日吸烟的年龄越低，依赖程度越高。受教育程度低的每日吸烟者的尼古丁依赖程度高于受教育程度高的吸烟者。两组中吸手卷烟的受访者比例差异解释了这种不同。鉴于挪威的研究表明手卷烟所含尼古丁和焦油可能是机制卷烟的两到三倍，对这些数据进行了讨论。当吸手卷烟者戒烟动力较低时，他们比吸机制卷烟者面临更大的健康伤害。手卷烟的价格（及税）约为机制卷烟的一半。提高手卷烟烟草税对促进健康非常有效，并且对减少不同社会群体间疾病发生率和过早死亡率的差异具有特别确切的效果。
