Mårtensson J, Karlsson J E, Fridlund B
Department of Cardiology, County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden.
J Adv Nurs. 1997 Mar;25(3):579-86. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997025579.x.
Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) are an extensive group in Sweden both with regard to prevalence and number of medical care events. As the age of the population and survival after myocardial infarction are increasing, the incidence of CHF is also on the rise. The aim of this study is to describe, from a nurse's perspective, how male patients with CHF conceive their life situation. Interview questions were designed with a focus on five dimensions: the biophysical, the sociocultural, the emotional, the intellectual, and the spiritual-existential. A qualitative method was used with a phenomenographic approach as it examines aspects of the surroundings as conceived. In the results, six categories emerged: feeling a belief in the future, gaining awareness, feeling support from the environment, feeling limitation, feeling a lack of energy and feeling resignation. The mental and physical lack of energy which patients feel easily leads to limited working capacity and social activities. This limitation may cause patients with CHF to believe that neither they nor their environment can influence their life situation and there is a risk that these patients become resigned. In order to help them get out of this vicious circle of limitation and resignation, it is important that the nurse teaches them self-care and shows them the possibilities that exist in everyday life. With increased awareness of their life situation, patients may adapt to their CHF and see that it is possible to improve their future themselves.
在瑞典，充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者在患病率和医疗护理事件数量方面都是一个庞大的群体。随着人口年龄的增长以及心肌梗死后生存率的提高，CHF的发病率也在上升。本研究的目的是从护士的角度描述患有CHF的男性患者如何看待他们的生活状况。访谈问题围绕五个维度设计：生物物理维度、社会文化维度、情感维度、智力维度和精神生存维度。采用定性方法及现象学描述法，因为它考察的是所感知的周围环境的各个方面。结果出现了六个类别：对未来抱有信念、获得认知、感受到来自环境的支持、感到受限、感到精力不足和感到听天由命。患者容易感觉到的身心精力不足很容易导致工作能力和社交活动受限。这种限制可能会使CHF患者认为他们自己和他们的环境都无法影响他们的生活状况，并且这些患者有听天由命的风险。为了帮助他们摆脱这种限制和听天由命的恶性循环，护士教导他们自我护理并向他们展示日常生活中存在的可能性非常重要。随着对自身生活状况认识的提高，患者可能会适应他们的CHF，并认识到自己有可能改善未来。
