Sowa J F
Philosophy and Computers and Cognitive Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA.
Methods Inf Med. 1995 Mar;34(1-2):165-71.
Knowledge-base design requires a thorough analysis of the concepts to be represented. If the analysis is incomplete or inaccurate, the resulting knowledge base may contain arbitrary restrictions, inconsistent data, or limitations that make future extensions impossible. Conceptual analysis is even more critical for sharing knowledge bases between heterogeneous systems. Analyses that are adequate for independent systems may cause incompatibilities when the systems share data. This paper discusses the kinds of problems that require a careful conceptual analysis and the difficulties caused by an incorrect or incomplete analysis. It also shows how independently developed knowledge bases can be related to one another by reanalyzing and redefining the basic concepts and relations. Such analysis is essential for sharing knowledge between systems developed for different purposes, such as relational and object-oriented databases or expert systems and natural language processors.
知识库设计需要对要表示的概念进行全面分析。如果分析不完整或不准确，最终的知识库可能包含任意限制、不一致的数据或导致未来无法扩展的局限性。概念分析对于异构系统之间共享知识库更为关键。适用于独立系统的分析在系统共享数据时可能会导致不兼容性。本文讨论了需要仔细进行概念分析的各类问题以及不正确或不完整分析所造成的困难。它还展示了如何通过重新分析和重新定义基本概念及关系，使独立开发的知识库相互关联。这种分析对于为不同目的开发的系统（如关系数据库和面向对象数据库，或专家系统和自然语言处理器）之间共享知识至关重要。
