Trost S G, Pate R R, Saunders R, Ward D S, Dowda M, Felton G
Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
Prev Med. 1997 Mar-Apr;26(2):257-63. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1996.0137.
Understanding the factors that influence physical activity behavior is important in the design of intervention programs targeted at youth.
A prospective study design was used to identify the predictors of vigorous physical activity (VPA) (> or = 6 METs) and moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (> or = 3 METs) among 202 rural, predominantly African-American children. Selected social-cognitive determinants of physical activity were assessed via questionnaire in the fifth grade. Participation in VPA and MVPA was assessed via the previous day physical activity recall 1 year later in the sixth grade.
For girls, participation in community sports, self-efficacy in overcoming barriers, enjoyment of school physical education, race (white > black), and perception of mother's activity level (active vs inactive) were significant predictors of VPA. For MVPA, participation in community sports and self-efficacy in overcoming barriers were significant predictors. For boys, self-efficacy in overcoming barriers was the only significant predictor of VPA, while beliefs regarding activity outcomes and participation in community sports were significant predictors of MVPA.
Social-cognitive constructs such as physical activity self-efficacy, access to community physical activity outlets, and positive beliefs regarding physical activity outcomes are important predictors of future physical activity behavior among rural, predominantly African-American children.
了解影响身体活动行为的因素对于针对青少年的干预项目设计至关重要。
采用前瞻性研究设计，以确定202名主要为非裔美国农村儿童中剧烈身体活动（VPA，≥6代谢当量）以及中度和剧烈身体活动（MVPA，≥3代谢当量）的预测因素。通过问卷在五年级时评估身体活动选定的社会认知决定因素。1年后六年级时通过前一天身体活动回忆评估VPA和MVPA的参与情况。
对于女孩，参与社区体育活动、克服障碍的自我效能感、对学校体育教育的喜爱、种族（白人>黑人）以及对母亲活动水平的认知（活跃与不活跃）是VPA的显著预测因素。对于MVPA，参与社区体育活动和克服障碍的自我效能感是显著预测因素。对于男孩，克服障碍的自我效能感是VPA的唯一显著预测因素，而对活动结果的信念和参与社区体育活动是MVPA的显著预测因素。
社会认知结构，如身体活动自我效能感、获得社区体育活动场所的机会以及对身体活动结果的积极信念，是农村主要为非裔美国儿童未来身体活动行为的重要预测因素。
