Köster Paulina, Hohmann Andreas, Niessner Claudia, Siener Maximilian
Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Children (Basel). 2021 Nov 12;8(11):1046. doi: 10.3390/children8111046.
Being physically fit in younger years prevents several diseases in the presence as well as in the life course. Therefore, monitoring physical fitness and motor competence through motor testing is essential for determining developmental status and identifying health-related risks. The main objectives of this systematic review were (1) to identify currently available health-related criterion-referenced standards and cut-off points for physical fitness and motor competence test items, (2) to frame the methodological background on setting health-related criterion-referenced standards and (3) to give implications for a health-related evaluation system for physical fitness and motor competence tests. The electronic data base search (PubMed, Web of Science and SURF) yielded 2062 records in total and identified six empirical studies reporting cut-off points of motor test items for children (7-10 years), as well as 30 methodological papers discussing determination approaches to health-related criterion-referenced standards. Data collection, selection and analyses followed the PRISMA guidelines. Health-related motor test standards need to be gender- and age-specific but should refer to an absolute cut-off point rather than to relative performance in the reference group. Due to the lack of data on health-related criterion referenced standards, receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curves provide a tool for the determination of cut-off points and criterion referenced standards for physical fitness and motor competence tests. A standardized approach forms the fundamental base for a globally applicable evaluation of health-related fitness tests.
年轻时身体健康可以预防当前以及人生过程中的多种疾病。因此，通过运动测试监测身体健康和运动能力对于确定发育状况和识别与健康相关的风险至关重要。本系统评价的主要目的是：（1）确定目前可用的与健康相关的标准参照标准以及身体健康和运动能力测试项目的临界点；（2）构建设定与健康相关的标准参照标准的方法学背景；（3）对身体健康和运动能力测试的健康相关评价体系提出建议。电子数据库检索（PubMed、科学网和SURF）共获得2062条记录，并确定了6项实证研究报告了儿童（7 - 10岁）运动测试项目的临界点，以及30篇讨论与健康相关的标准参照标准确定方法的方法学论文。数据收集、筛选和分析遵循PRISMA指南。与健康相关的运动测试标准需要针对性别和年龄，但应参考绝对临界点，而不是参考组中的相对表现。由于缺乏与健康相关的标准参照标准的数据，受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线为确定身体健康和运动能力测试的临界点和标准参照标准提供了一种工具。标准化方法是对与健康相关的体能测试进行全球适用评估的基础。
