越南战争女性退伍军人中的创伤后应激障碍：病因学因果模型
Posttraumatic stress disorder among female Vietnam veterans: a causal model of etiology.
作者信息
Fontana A, Schwartz L S, Rosenheck R
机构信息
Veterans Affairs Northeast Program Evaluation Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Conn 06516, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1997 Feb;87(2):169-75. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.2.169.
OBJECTIVES
The Vietnam and Persian Gulf wars have awakened people to the realization that military service can be traumatizing for women as well as men. This study investigated the etiological roles of both war and sexual trauma in the development of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder among female Vietnam veterans.
METHODS
Data from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study for 396 Vietnam theater women and 250 Vietnam era women were analyzed with structural equation modeling.
RESULTS
An etiological model with highly satisfactory fit and parsimony was developed. Exposure to war trauma contributed to the probability of posttraumatic stress disorder in theater women, as did sexual trauma in both theater and era women. Lack of social support at the time of homecoming acted as a powerful mediator of trauma for both groups of women.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the constraints and assumptions of causal modeling, there is evidence that both war trauma and sexual trauma are powerful contributors to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder among female Vietnam veterans.
目的
越南战争和海湾战争使人们意识到，军事服役对女性和男性来说都可能造成精神创伤。本研究调查了战争创伤和性创伤在越南战争女性退伍军人慢性创伤后应激障碍发展过程中的病因学作用。
方法
采用结构方程模型分析了来自越南退伍军人重新适应研究的396名曾在越南战区服役的女性和250名处于越南战争时期的女性的数据。
结果
构建了一个拟合度和简约性都非常令人满意的病因学模型。经历战争创伤增加了曾在战区服役女性患创伤后应激障碍的可能性，在战区服役及处于战争时期的女性遭受性创伤也会增加这种可能性。归国时缺乏社会支持对两组女性而言都是创伤的有力中介因素。
结论
在因果模型的限制和假设范围内，有证据表明战争创伤和性创伤都是导致越南战争女性退伍军人患创伤后应激障碍的重要因素。
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