Bale S J, Goodman K, Rochelle P A, Marchesi J R, Fry J C, Weightman A J, Parkes R J
Department of Geology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1997 Apr;47(2):515-21. doi: 10.1099/00207713-47-2-515.
Several strains of a strictly anaerobic, vibrio-shaped or sigmoid, sulfate-reducing bacterium were isolated from deep marine sediments (depth, 80 and 500 m) obtained from the Japan Sea (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 128, site 798B). This bacterium was identified as a member of the genus Desulfovibrio on the basis of the presence of desulfoviridin and characteristic phospholipid fatty acids (iso 17:1 omega 7 and iso 15:0), the small number of growth substrates utilized (lactate, pyruvate, and hydrogen), and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis data. Based on data for 16S rRNA sequences (1,369 bp), all of the Japan Sea strains were identical to each other and were most closely related to Desulfovibrio salexigens and less closely related to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (levels of similarity, 91 and 89.6%, respectively). There were, however, considerable phenotypic differences (in temperatures, pressures, and salinities tolerated, growth substrates, and electron donors) between the Japan Sea isolates and the type strains of previously described desulfovibrios, as well as important differences among the Japan Sea isolates. The Japan Sea isolates were active (with sulfide production) over a wide temperature range (15 to 65 degrees C) and a wide sodium chloride concentration range (0.2 to 10%) (moderate halophile), and they were barophiles that were active at pressures up to about 40 MPa (400 atm). The optimum pressures for activity corresponded to the calculated pressures at the depths from which the organisms were isolated (for isolates obtained at depths of 80 and 500 m the optimum activities occurred at 10 and 15 MPa, respectively [100 and 150 atm, respectively]). This confirms that the organisms came from deep sediments and indicates that they are well-adapted for deep sediment conditions, which is consistent with other characteristics (utilization of hydrogen, fermentation, and utilization of ferric iron and organic sulfonates as electron acceptors). We propose that Japan Sea isolate 500-1 is the type strain of a new species, Desulfovibrio profundus.
从日本海（大洋钻探计划第128航次，798B站点）采集的深海沉积物（深度分别为80米和500米）中分离出了几株严格厌氧、呈弧状或S形的硫酸盐还原菌。基于脱硫绿素和特征性磷脂脂肪酸（异17:1 ω7和异15:0）的存在、利用的生长底物数量较少（乳酸盐、丙酮酸盐和氢气）以及16S rRNA基因序列分析数据，该细菌被鉴定为脱硫弧菌属的成员。根据16S rRNA序列（1369 bp）数据，所有日本海菌株彼此相同，与嗜盐脱硫弧菌关系最为密切，与脱硫脱硫弧菌的关系稍远（相似性水平分别为91%和89.6%）。然而，日本海分离株与先前描述的脱硫弧菌模式菌株之间存在相当大的表型差异（在耐受温度、压力和盐度、生长底物以及电子供体方面），而且日本海分离株之间也存在重要差异。日本海分离株在较宽的温度范围（15至65摄氏度）和较宽的氯化钠浓度范围（0.2%至10%）（中度嗜盐菌）内具有活性（产生硫化物），并且它们是嗜压菌，在高达约40兆帕（400个大气压）的压力下具有活性。活性的最佳压力与分离出这些生物的深度处的计算压力相对应（对于在80米和500米深度获得的分离株，最佳活性分别出现在10兆帕和15兆帕[分别为100个大气压和150个大气压]）。这证实了这些生物来自深海沉积物，并表明它们非常适应深海沉积物环境，这与其他特征（利用氢气、发酵以及利用三价铁和有机磺酸盐作为电子受体）一致。我们提议将日本海分离株500 - 1作为一个新物种——深海脱硫弧菌的模式菌株。
