Kavet J
Am J Public Health. 1977 Nov;67(11):1063-70. doi: 10.2105/ajph.67.11.1063.
The identification in February 1976 of a new strain of influenza virus led to the enactment of unprecedented federal legislation to minimize the impact of a potential outbreak of pandemic influenza in the fall and winter of 1976-1977. This legislative program does not, however, represent a commitment of federal resources to deal with the more general, longstanding problem of epidemic influenza. This paper presents a series of estimates of the impact and economic consequences of influenza. By including periods of interpandemic as well as pandemic disease, the estimates offer a broadened perspective of the magnitude of the influenza problem. The estimates show that while the proportions of pandemic influenza can be singularly impressive, the cumulative effects of interpandemic outbreaks are generally of greater consequence. The paper discusses the implications of these estimates and the 1976 legislation for the support and implementation of federal policy on the use of influenza vaccine. While the commitment of resources in support of public policy cannot alone guarantee successful implementation, it must be considered an essential prerequisite for dealing with both interpandemic and pandemic influenza.
1976年2月一种新型流感病毒的发现，促使联邦政府颁布了史无前例的立法，以尽量减少1976 - 1977年秋冬可能爆发的大流行性流感的影响。然而，这一立法计划并不代表联邦政府承诺投入资源来应对更为普遍、长期存在的流行性感冒问题。本文提出了一系列关于流感影响和经济后果的估计。通过纳入大流行间期以及大流行疾病时期，这些估计为流感问题的严重程度提供了更广阔的视角。估计表明，虽然大流行性流感的比例可能非常惊人，但大流行间期疫情的累积影响通常更为严重。本文讨论了这些估计以及1976年立法对支持和实施联邦流感疫苗使用政策的影响。虽然投入资源支持公共政策本身并不能保证成功实施，但它必须被视为应对大流行间期和大流行性流感的一个基本先决条件。
