Lindsten R, Kurol J
Department of Orthodontics, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden.
J Orofac Orthop. 1997;58(2):100-8.
Nickel hypersensitivity is an increasing problem in adolescents, especially in girls, with a prevalence of up to 30%. The presence of nickel in orthodontic appliances and the possibility of causing nickel hypersensitivity has been discussed in case reports. A review of the literature concerning nickel hypersensitivity in relation to orthodontic appliances has shown that the risk is very low for patients who are not nickel hypersensitive at the start of the treatment. A patient who is already nickel hypersensitive at the start of orthodontic treatment may in rare cases show adverse reactions induced by the appliance. The slow long-term release of nickel from orthodontic appliances may induce tolerance to nickel in individuals who are not hypersensitive at the start of orthodontic treatment.
镍过敏在青少年中是一个日益严重的问题，尤其是在女孩中，患病率高达30%。病例报告中已经讨论了正畸矫治器中镍的存在以及引发镍过敏的可能性。一项关于正畸矫治器与镍过敏相关的文献综述表明，对于治疗开始时无镍过敏的患者，风险非常低。在正畸治疗开始时就已经对镍过敏的患者，在极少数情况下可能会出现矫治器引发的不良反应。正畸矫治器中镍的缓慢长期释放可能会使正畸治疗开始时无过敏反应的个体产生对镍的耐受性。
