Benton D, Haller J, Fordy J
Department of Psychology, University College, Swansea, Wales, U.K.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1997;67(1):34-40.
Using biochemical indices thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, folic acid, cyanocobalanin, carotene and biotin status were assessed in a sample of 243 young British adults. Using conventional definitions the number of individuals whose vitamin status can be described as adequate, marginal or deficient was determined. Vitamin status was related to alcohol intake and smoking. The status of ascorbic acid, cyanocobalamin, alpha-tocopherol, folic acid and in males retinol, was adequate in the majority of cases. In the cases of riboflavin and pyridoxine the status of a substantial minority was either borderline or deficient. The thiamin and biotin status of a minority of both sexes, and retinol in the females, was marginal. In males alcohol was associated with better retinol, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol and pyridoxine status and lower levels of biotin. Lower carotene values were associated with drinking alcohol. In both sexes those who smoked had lower ascorbic acid, folic acid and carotene values. In males smoking was additionally associated with lower riboflavin and biotin; in females cyanocobalamin and alpha-tocopherol were lower. As all the subjects were students volunteers, care should be taken in generalizing the data to other groups.
通过生化指标对243名英国年轻成年人的样本进行了硫胺素、核黄素、吡哆醇、抗坏血酸、视黄醇、α-生育酚、叶酸、氰钴胺素、胡萝卜素和生物素状态的评估。根据传统定义确定了维生素状态可描述为充足、边缘或缺乏的个体数量。维生素状态与酒精摄入量和吸烟情况相关。在大多数情况下，抗坏血酸、氰钴胺素、α-生育酚、叶酸以及男性的视黄醇状态充足。在核黄素和吡哆醇的情况中，相当一部分人的状态处于临界或缺乏。少数男性和女性的硫胺素和生物素状态处于边缘，女性的视黄醇状态也处于边缘。在男性中，饮酒与较好的视黄醇、抗坏血酸、α-生育酚和吡哆醇状态以及较低的生物素水平相关。较低的胡萝卜素值与饮酒有关。在男性和女性中，吸烟者的抗坏血酸、叶酸和胡萝卜素值较低。在男性中，吸烟还与较低的核黄素和生物素相关；在女性中，氰钴胺素和α-生育酚较低。由于所有受试者均为学生志愿者，在将数据推广到其他群体时应谨慎。
