Schweinberger S R, Herholz A, Sommer W
University of Konstanz, Germany.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1997 Apr;40(2):453-63. doi: 10.1044/jslhr.4002.453.
The current investigation measured the effects of increasing stimulus duration on listeners' ability to recognize famous voices. In addition, the investigation studied the influence of different types of cues on the naming of voices that could not be named before. Participants were presented with samples of famous and unfamiliar voices and were asked to decide whether or not the samples were spoken by a famous person. The duration of each sample increased in seven steps from 0.25 s up to a maximum of 2 s. Voice recognition improvements with stimulus duration were with a growth function. Gains were most rapid within the first second and less pronounced thereafter. When participants were unable to name a famous voice, they were cued with either a second voice sample, the occupation, or the initials of the celebrity. Initials were most effective in eliciting the name only when semantic information about the speaker had been accessed prior to cue presentation. Paralleling previous research on face naming, this may indicate that voice naming is contingent on previous activation of person-specific semantic information.
当前的研究测量了增加刺激时长对听众识别著名声音能力的影响。此外，该研究还考察了不同类型线索对之前无法识别的声音命名的影响。向参与者呈现著名和不熟悉声音的样本，并要求他们判断这些样本是否由名人说出。每个样本的时长从0.25秒开始以七个步骤增加，最长可达2秒。声音识别随着刺激时长的增加呈现增长函数。在最初的一秒内增益最为迅速，之后则不太明显。当参与者无法说出著名声音时，会用第二个声音样本、职业或名人的首字母对他们进行提示。只有在提示呈现之前已经获取了关于说话者的语义信息时，首字母在引出名字方面才最有效。与之前关于面部命名的研究相似，这可能表明声音命名取决于之前对特定人物语义信息的激活。
