Primary nursing and quality of care: a Dutch study.

In an 850-bed Dutch hospital a study was carried out to compare the quality-of-care scores of a Primary Nursing group and a lagged experimental group. Process as well as outcome aspects of quality of care were investigated. The study consisted of three measuring moments: one pre-intervention at t1, March 1992, and two post-intervention moments at t2, November 1992 and t3, May 1993. The intervention was formed by the implementation of Primary Nursing in two experimental units after t1; this is the experimental group. After t2, Primary Nursing was also implemented in the three control units; this is the lagged experimental group. The process aspects of quality of care were covered by three dimensions: coordination of care, instrumental aspects of care and expressive aspects of care. The outcome aspects of quality of care were measured by evaluating four patient variables: self-care, initiative, patient stress and patient satisfaction. ANOVAs were used to test for significant differences between the experimental and lagged experimental group. The only significant difference in favour of the Primary Nursing group was found on the variable instrumental aspects of care. On the other variables no expected changes were observed. Finally, the implications of the findings are discussed.