Youngberg S P, Marchand G R, Spielman W S, Osswald H, Knox F G
Fed Proc. 1977 Nov;36(12):2609-13.
Hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries, the primary driving force for glomerular ultrafiltration, is directly measurable only in those species with glomeruli present on the capsular surface of the kidney. Accordingly, this crucial measurement must be made indirectly in species not so endowed, such as the dog. Several different methods have been utilized in the dog; unfortunately each is indirect. This review deals with an assessment of the following methods for the determination of glomerular capillary pressure in dogs: a) reduction of arterial pressure method; b) ureteral occlusion method; c) the Winton or venous occlusion method; d) fraction of arterial pressure method; e) back calculation from forces opposing filtration; f) sieving method; and g) single nephron occlusion of the Gertz stop-flow method. Recent studies in the dog, utilizing single nephron occlusion techniques, provide estimates of glomerular capillary pressures of approximately 60 mn Hg in the autoregulatory range of blood pressure.
肾小球毛细血管静水压是肾小球超滤的主要驱动力，只有在肾脏被膜表面存在肾小球的物种中才能直接测量。因此，对于像狗这样没有这种条件的物种，必须采用间接方法来进行这一关键测量。在狗身上已经使用了几种不同的方法；不幸的是，每种方法都是间接的。本综述对以下几种测定狗肾小球毛细血管压力的方法进行了评估：a）动脉压降低法；b）输尿管阻塞法；c）温顿或静脉阻塞法；d）动脉压分数法；e）从对抗滤过的力量进行反向计算；f）筛分法；以及g）格茨停流法的单肾单位阻塞法。最近在狗身上利用单肾单位阻塞技术进行的研究表明，在血压的自动调节范围内，肾小球毛细血管压力约为60毫米汞柱。
