Brenner B M
Yale J Biol Med. 1978 May-Jun;51(3):301-5.
The mechanism of glomerular ultrafiltration in normal kidneys or after renal injury is reviewed. The role of increased glomerular plasma flow in mediating increases of nephron filtration rate is evidenced under experimental conditions resulting in filtration pressure disequilibrium along glomerular capillaries. The increase of nephron filtration in hypertrophied kidneys appears to be due mainly to a rise of glomerular plasma flow and, to a smaller extent, to an increase of glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure, the ultrafiltration coefficient remaining unchanged. In contrast, in the early phases of experimentally induced nephrotoxic serum nephritis, a decrease of the ultrafiltration coefficient was observed; nephron filtration rate, however, remained within the normal range, as a consequence of a higher hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries of the nephritic kidneys.
本文综述了正常肾脏或肾损伤后肾小球超滤的机制。在实验条件下，沿肾小球毛细血管出现滤过压力失衡，证实了肾小球血浆流量增加在介导单个肾单位滤过率增加中的作用。肥大肾脏中单个肾单位滤过的增加似乎主要是由于肾小球血浆流量的增加，在较小程度上是由于肾小球毛细血管静水压的增加，超滤系数保持不变。相反，在实验性诱导的肾毒性血清性肾炎的早期阶段，观察到超滤系数降低；然而，由于肾炎肾脏肾小球毛细血管中较高的静水压，单个肾单位滤过率仍保持在正常范围内。
