Javadpour N
Cancer Treat Rep. 1979 Sep-Oct;63(9-10):1643-7.
Quantitative measurement of serum alphafetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) by double antibody radioimmunoassays originally developed at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md) has been performed in 130 patients with seminoma and in 300 patients with nonseminomatous testicular cancer. Ten of 130 (7.7%) patients with seminoma, 99 of 152 (65%) patients with embryonal carcinoma with or without teratoma, and five of five (100%) patients with pure choriocarcinoma had an elevated level of HCG. None of the patients with seminoma or choriocarcinoma had an elevated level of serum AFP although elevated levels were present in 67% of the patients with embryonal carcinoma with or without teratoma. Either HCG or AFP was elevated in about 90% of the patients with clinically demonstrable embryonal carcinoma with or without teratoma and choriocarcinoma. These two markers have been helpful in staging, detecting recurrence, prognosis, and localization (by the alpha subunit of HCG) of a tumor. Utilizing immunocytochemical techniques, HCG has been localized in syncytiotrophoblastic component of choriocarcinoma. AFP has been localized in yolk sac tumor and embryonal carcinoma cells.
采用最初由马里兰州贝塞斯达市国立癌症研究所研发的双抗体放射免疫分析法，对130例精原细胞瘤患者和300例非精原细胞瘤性睾丸癌患者的血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）和人绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）进行了定量检测。130例精原细胞瘤患者中有10例（7.7%）、152例有或无畸胎瘤的胚胎癌患者中有99例（65%）以及5例纯绒毛膜癌患者中有5例（100%）的HCG水平升高。精原细胞瘤或绒毛膜癌患者中无一例血清AFP水平升高，不过在67%有或无畸胎瘤的胚胎癌患者中存在AFP水平升高的情况。在有或无畸胎瘤及绒毛膜癌且临床上可证实为胚胎癌的患者中，约90%的患者出现了HCG或AFP升高。这两种标志物在肿瘤分期、检测复发、判断预后以及肿瘤定位（通过HCG的α亚基）方面均有帮助。利用免疫细胞化学技术，HCG已定位在绒毛膜癌的合体滋养层成分中。AFP已定位在卵黄囊瘤和胚胎癌细胞中。
