Cui L, Evans W J
Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine 92717-4290, USA.
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1997 Apr;102(4):303-6. doi: 10.1016/s0013-4694(96)96109-x.
Olfactory function was evaluated by olfactory event-related potentials and standardized psychophysical measures including the Smell Identification Test and odor detection threshold tests for 3 chemosensory stimulants in 9 subjects with isolated congenital anosmia and 9 age- and gender-matched normosmic controls. There was a significant difference in Smell Identification Test scores (P < 0.001) and odor detection thresholds for phenylethyl alcohol (P < 0.001) and isoamyl acetate (P < 0.001) between the anosmic and normosmic subjects. Detection thresholds for chloracetyl phenone, a trigeminal stimulant, did not differ between the 2 groups. Olfactory evoked potentials were recorded in response to amyl acetate and air control stimuli presented at volume flow rate of 5 l/min, stimulus duration of 40 ms, and randomized interstimulus intervals of 6-30 s. In the control subjects, evoked potentials to amyl acetate were characterized by 4 reproducible components (P1, N1, P2, and N2). In the subjects with congenital anosmia, no reproducible evoked potential components were identified in response to amyl acetate. No reproducible evoked potential components were seen in response to the air control stimulus in either the anosmic or normosmic groups. These data suggest that olfactory evoked potentials provide a specific measure of olfactory function.
通过嗅觉事件相关电位以及标准化心理物理学测量方法，对9名先天性孤立性嗅觉缺失患者和9名年龄及性别匹配的嗅觉正常对照者进行嗅觉功能评估，这些测量方法包括嗅觉识别测试以及针对3种化学感觉刺激物的气味检测阈值测试。嗅觉缺失组与嗅觉正常组在嗅觉识别测试得分（P < 0.001）、苯乙醇气味检测阈值（P < 0.001）和乙酸异戊酯气味检测阈值（P < 0.001）方面存在显著差异。两组之间，三叉神经刺激物氯乙酰苯酮的检测阈值没有差异。以5升/分钟的体积流速、40毫秒的刺激持续时间以及6 - 30秒的随机刺激间隔呈现乙酸戊酯和空气对照刺激，记录嗅觉诱发电位。在对照组中，对乙酸戊酯的诱发电位具有4个可重复成分（P1、N1、P2和N2）。在先天性嗅觉缺失患者中，对乙酸戊酯未识别出可重复的诱发电位成分。在嗅觉缺失组或嗅觉正常组中，对空气对照刺激均未观察到可重复的诱发电位成分。这些数据表明，嗅觉诱发电位提供了一种嗅觉功能的特异性测量方法。
