Bloch D A
Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305-5092, USA.
Biometrics. 1997 Mar;53(1):73-85.
Methods are proposed for comparing two diagnostic tests for the same data where a threshold for positive for each test is specified. One method contrasts the diagnostic tests' estimated risks. A second method compares the two tests' kappa coefficients. When thresholds for positive test results are specified a priori, maximum likelihood estimators and their asymptotic variances are derived and test statistics are presented for both case-control and naturalistic methods of sampling. The bootstrap is proposed as a method to assess differences in risk estimators when thresholds for positive test results are chosen by scanning the data. Examples are given to illustrate the methods.
提出了一些方法，用于针对相同数据比较两种诊断测试，其中为每种测试指定了阳性阈值。一种方法是对比诊断测试的估计风险。第二种方法是比较两种测试的kappa系数。当预先指定阳性测试结果的阈值时，推导最大似然估计量及其渐近方差，并给出针对病例对照抽样方法和自然抽样方法的检验统计量。当通过扫描数据来选择阳性测试结果的阈值时，建议使用自助法来评估风险估计量的差异。给出了示例来说明这些方法。
