Psychophysical precedents of migraine in relation to the time of onset of the headache: the migraine time line.

We conducted a prospective study of 19 female migraine patients who kept a diary four times per day at 8 AM, 1 PM, 6 PM, and 11 PM for 10 consecutive weeks. In the diary, the patients recorded the occurrence as well as the features and associated symptoms of their headaches. They also rated five mood states: alertness, tension, irritability, depression, and fatigue, as well as the quality of sleep and the incidence and stressfulness of daily hassles as measurements of stress. They quantified the variables through the use of 100-mm visual analog scales. In the diaries, we identified 68 migraine headaches of which 23 developed during the night, 19 during the morning, 16 during the afternoon, and 10 during the evening. The headaches which developed during the evening or night were preceded by an increased incidence of daily hassles during the afternoon. The headaches which developed during the morning or afternoon were preceded by increased tension the previous days. The day before the headaches which developed during the morning, the incidence of daily hassles was increased during the morning, afternoon, and evening. The increased tension at 1 PM was followed by increased fatigue at 6 PM, which was still present at 8 AM of the morning during which the headaches developed. The day before the headaches which developed during the afternoon, the increased tension at 6 PM was followed by increased alertness at 11 PM. The next morning, the stressfulness of daily hassles was increased at 8 AM, followed by increased tension and irritability at 1 PM. We conclude that there are three different sequences of events with regard to the psychophysical precedents of migraine, depending on the time of onset of the headache: the migraine time line.