LaGrandeur T E, Parker R
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721-0106, USA.
Biochimie. 1996;78(11-12):1049-55. doi: 10.1016/s0300-9084(97)86729-6.
The 5' cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs is significant for a variety of cellular events and also serves to protect mRNAs from premature degradation. Analysis of mRNA decay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has shown that removal of the 5' cap structure is a key step in the turnover of many yeast mRNAs, and that this decapping is carried out by Dcp1p. In addition to the yeast decapping enzyme, other activities that can cleave the 5' cap structure have been described. These include two mammalian enzymes and two viral activities that cleave cellular mRNA cap structures as part of their life cycle. Here we review these various decapping activities and discuss their biological roles.
真核生物mRNA的5'帽结构对多种细胞事件具有重要意义，还能保护mRNA不被过早降解。对酿酒酵母中mRNA降解的分析表明，去除5'帽结构是许多酵母mRNA周转的关键步骤，且这种去帽作用由Dcp1p执行。除了酵母去帽酶外，还描述了其他能够切割5'帽结构的活性。这些包括两种哺乳动物酶和两种病毒活性，它们在其生命周期中切割细胞mRNA帽结构。在此，我们综述这些不同的去帽活性并讨论它们的生物学作用。
