Vimy M J, Hooper D E, King W W, Lorscheider F L
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1997 Feb;56(2):143-52. doi: 10.1007/BF02785388.
Neonatal uptake of mercury (Hg) from milk was examined in a pregnant sheep model, where radioactive mercury (Hg203)/silver tooth fillings (amalgam) were newly placed. A crossover experimental design was used in which lactating ewes nursed foster lambs. In a parallel study, the relationship between dental history and breast milk concentration of Hg was also examined in 33 lactating women. Results from the animal studies showed that, during pregnancy, a primary fetal site of amalgam Hg concentration is the liver, and, after delivery, the neonatal lamb kidney receives additional amalgam Hg from mother's milk. In lactating women with aged amalgam fillings, increased Hg excretion in breast milk and urine correlated with the number of fillings or Hg vapor concentration levels in mouth air. It was concluded that Hg originating from maternal amalgam tooth fillings transfers across the placenta to the fetus, across the mammary gland into milk ingested by the newborn, and ultimately into neonatal body tissues. Comparisons are made to the U. S. minimal risk level recently established for adult Hg exposure. These findings suggest that placement and removal of "silver" tooth fillings in pregnant and lactating humans will subject the fetus and neonate to unnecessary risk of Hg exposure.
在一个怀孕绵羊模型中，研究了新生羔羊从母乳中摄取汞（Hg）的情况，该模型中刚植入了放射性汞（Hg203）/银汞合金补牙材料。采用交叉实验设计，让哺乳母羊哺育寄养羔羊。在一项平行研究中，还对33名哺乳期妇女的牙科病史与母乳中汞浓度之间的关系进行了研究。动物研究结果表明，在怀孕期间，汞合金中汞在胎儿体内的主要蓄积部位是肝脏，分娩后，新生羔羊的肾脏从母乳中摄取了额外的汞合金汞。在有陈旧汞合金补牙材料的哺乳期妇女中，母乳和尿液中汞排泄量的增加与补牙数量或口腔空气中汞蒸气浓度水平相关。得出的结论是，源自母体汞合金补牙材料的汞穿过胎盘进入胎儿体内，穿过乳腺进入新生儿摄入的母乳中，并最终进入新生儿身体组织。并与美国最近确定的成人汞接触最小风险水平进行了比较。这些发现表明，在怀孕和哺乳期妇女中放置和去除“银”补牙材料会使胎儿和新生儿面临不必要的汞接触风险。
