Zambarbieri D, Schmid R, Versino M, Beltrami G
Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Università di Pavia, Italy.
J Vestib Res. 1997 Mar-Jun;7(2-3):251-63.
Eye-head coordination during gaze orientation toward auditory targets in total darkness has been examined in human subjects. The findings have been compared, for the same subjects, with those obtained by using visual targets. The use of auditory targets when investigating eye-head coordination has some advantages with respect to the more common use of visual targets: (i) more eccentric target positions can be presented to the subject; (ii) visual feedback is excluded during the execution of gaze displacement; (iii) complex patterns of saccadic responses can be elicited. This last aspect is particularly interesting for examining the coupling between the eyes and the head displacements. The experimental findings indicate that during gaze orientation toward a visual or an auditory target the central nervous system adopts the same strategy of using both the saccadic mechanism and the head motor plant. In spite of a common strategy, qualitative and quantitative parameters of the resulting eye-head coordination are slightly different, depending on the nature of the target. The findings relating to patterns of eye-head coordination seem to indicate a dissociation between the eyes and the head, which receive different motor commands independently generated from the gaze error signal. The experimental findings reported in this paper have been summarized in a model of the gaze control system that makes use of a gaze feedback hypothesis through the central reconstruction of the eye and head positions.
在完全黑暗的环境中，研究了人类受试者在将目光转向听觉目标时的眼头协调情况。对于相同的受试者，已将这些研究结果与使用视觉目标时获得的结果进行了比较。在研究眼头协调时使用听觉目标相对于更常用的视觉目标具有一些优势：（i）可以向受试者呈现更偏心的目标位置；（ii）在执行目光移动时排除视觉反馈；（iii）可以引发复杂的扫视反应模式。最后这一方面对于检查眼睛和头部位移之间的耦合特别有趣。实验结果表明，在将目光转向视觉或听觉目标的过程中，中枢神经系统采用了相同的策略，即同时使用扫视机制和头部运动装置。尽管采用了共同的策略，但根据目标的性质，所产生的眼头协调的定性和定量参数略有不同。与眼头协调模式相关的研究结果似乎表明眼睛和头部之间存在分离，它们接收从注视误差信号独立产生的不同运动指令。本文报道的实验结果已总结在一个注视控制系统模型中，该模型通过眼睛和头部位置的中枢重建利用注视反馈假设。
