Bosu W K, Ofori-Adjei D
Department of Clinical Sciences, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, England.
East Afr Med J. 1997 Mar;74(3):138-42.
Antibiotic prescribing patterns was studied from 700 retrospective outpatient clinical records from seven government health facilities in the Wassa West district of Ghana. Prescribing patterns were compared between the district hospital and six health centres. The percentage of patients receiving one or more antibiotics was significantly more at the health centres(60.7%) than at the hospital(41.0%) (chi 2 = 13.6; p < 0.001). The average number of antibiotics prescribed per patient was 1.4 and 1.1 respectively. The commonest antibiotics prescribed were procaine penicillin, cotrimoxazole, benzylpenicillin, metronidazole and amoxycillin. Malaria, upper respiratory infections, soft tissue infections and diarrhoeal diseases were the commonest indications for antibiotic use. Factors such as the availability of diagnostic facilities, type of prescriber, lack of refresher training and patient demand were considered to significantly influence antibiotic prescribing.
从加纳瓦萨西区七家政府医疗机构的700份回顾性门诊临床记录中研究了抗生素处方模式。对地区医院和六个健康中心的处方模式进行了比较。在健康中心接受一种或多种抗生素治疗的患者百分比（60.7%）显著高于医院（41.0%）（卡方=13.6；p<0.001）。每位患者平均开具的抗生素数量分别为1.4和1.1。最常开具的抗生素是普鲁卡因青霉素、复方新诺明、苄青霉素、甲硝唑和阿莫西林。疟疾、上呼吸道感染、软组织感染和腹泻病是使用抗生素最常见的指征。诊断设施的可用性、开处方者类型、缺乏进修培训和患者需求等因素被认为会显著影响抗生素处方。
