神经囊尾蚴病与HIV感染：两例报告及文献复习
Neurocysticercosis and HIV infection: report of two cases and review.
作者信息
Soto Hernandez J L, Ostrosky Zeichner L, Tavera G, Gomez Avina A
机构信息
Infectious Diseases Department and Neurosurgery Division, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico.
出版信息
Surg Neurol. 1996 Jan;45(1):57-61. doi: 10.1016/0090-3019(95)00259-6.
BACKGROUND
With the progression of acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to endemic areas of cysticercosis, the simultaneous diagnosis of both diseases is an expected event.
METHODS
Among 91 patients with AIDS or HIV infection studied from 1987 to 1993 at a neurologic reference center in Mexico City, 2 patients with AIDS and neurocysticercosis were found. Five previously reported cases were jointly reviewed.
RESULTS
The first patient presented with increased intracranial pressure of rapid progression. A single giant cyst was surgically excised and cysticercus was confirmed on histopathologic examination. The second patient had brain toxoplasmosis and concurrent neurocysticercosis as an incidental finding.
CONCLUSIONS
Neurocysticercosis in HIV infection/AIDS may appear as a life-threatening condition or as an incidental finding. All reported cases have been found in advanced stages of HIV infection. Management must be individualized depending on the clinical form of cysticercosis, stage of HIV infection, and coexisting opportunistic conditions. Surgery may be lifesaving and some patients apparently responded to cysticidal drugs.
背景
随着获得性免疫缺陷病毒（AIDS）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染向囊尾蚴病流行地区蔓延，同时诊断这两种疾病成为一种预期情况。
方法
1987年至1993年在墨西哥城一家神经科参考中心对91例AIDS或HIV感染患者进行研究，发现2例患有AIDS和神经囊尾蚴病。对之前报道的5例病例进行了联合回顾。
结果
首例患者表现为颅内压迅速升高。手术切除了一个巨大囊肿，组织病理学检查证实为囊尾蚴。第二例患者患有脑弓形虫病，同时偶然发现并发神经囊尾蚴病。
结论
HIV感染/AIDS中的神经囊尾蚴病可能表现为危及生命的情况或偶然发现。所有报道的病例均在HIV感染晚期发现。治疗必须根据囊尾蚴病的临床形式、HIV感染阶段和并存的机会性疾病进行个体化处理。手术可能挽救生命，一些患者显然对杀囊尾蚴药物有反应。
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