Nearey T M
Department of Linguistics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1997 Jun;101(6):3241-54. doi: 10.1121/1.418290.
This work provides theoretical and empirical arguments in favor of an approach to phonetics that is called double-weak. It is so called because it assumes relatively weak constraints both on the articulatory gestures and on the auditory patterns that map phonological elements. This approach views speech production and perception as distinct but cooperative systems. Like the motor theory of speech perception, double-weak theory accepts that phonological units are modified by context in ways that are important to perception. It further agrees that many aspects of such context dependency have their origin in natural articulatory processes. However, double-weak theory sides with proponents of auditory theories of phonetics by accepting that the real-time objects of perception are well-defined auditory patterns. Because speakers find ways to "orderly" output conditions" (Sussman et al., 1995), listeners are able to successfully decode speech using relatively simple pattern-recognition mechanisms. It is suggested that this situation has arisen through a stylization of gestural patterns to accommodate real-time limits of the perceptual system. Results from a new perceptual experiment, involving a four-dimensional stimulus continuum and a 10-category/hVC/response set, are shown to be largely compatible with this framework.
这项研究为一种被称为“双重弱化”的语音学方法提供了理论和实证依据。之所以这样称呼，是因为它假设在发音手势和映射语音元素的听觉模式上都有相对较弱的限制。这种方法将言语产生和感知视为不同但相互协作的系统。与言语感知的运动理论一样，双重弱化理论承认语音单位会受到语境的影响，而这种影响对感知很重要。它还进一步认同这种语境依赖性的许多方面都源于自然的发音过程。然而，双重弱化理论与语音学听觉理论的支持者观点一致，认为感知的实时对象是明确界定的听觉模式。由于说话者找到了“有序输出条件”的方法（苏斯曼等人，1995），听众能够使用相对简单的模式识别机制成功解码语音。有人认为，这种情况是通过对手势模式进行风格化处理以适应感知系统的实时限制而出现的。一项新的感知实验结果，涉及一个四维刺激连续体和一个10类/hVC/反应集，被证明在很大程度上与这个框架相符。
