Evaluation of sorivudine (BV-araU) versus acyclovir in the treatment of acute localized herpes zoster in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults. The Multinational Sorivudine Study Group.

The clinical efficacy and safety of sorivudine as treatment for acute cutaneous zoster in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults was compared with that of acyclovir in a double-blinded randomized study. A total of 125 patients with laboratory-confirmed zoster rash present for < or =72 h were assigned treatment with either 40 mg of sorivudine once daily or 800 mg of acyclovir five times daily, both taken orally for 7 days. Patients were assessed daily until all lesions crusted and then monthly for 6 months for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and for 12 months for recurrent or new episodes of zoster. Sorivudine significantly shortened the median period of new vesicle formation from 3.0 to 4.0 days (log rank P = .0001). Sorivudine was effective regardless of duration of rash before treatment. Zoster recurrences and new episodes were experienced by fewer patients assigned sorivudine (11%) than acyclovir (26%, P = .037). No differences were seen in incidence, severity, or duration of either acute neuritis or PHN. Both treatments were well tolerated.