Knowles D M, Cesarman E
Department of Pathology, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, NY, USA.
Ann Oncol. 1997;8 Suppl 2:123-9.
Two novel nonhuman DNA fragments were discovered in an AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesion using representational difference analysis.
These sequences belong to a previously unidentified gamma-2-herpesvirus exhibiting homology with Herpesvirus saimiri and Epstein-Barr virus. This virus was named Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and provisionally designated human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8).
KSHV is detectable in more than 90% of classical-Mediterranean, iatrogenic, endemic-African, and AIDS-epidemic KS lesions. In situ PCR studies have demonstrated KSHV in the spindle cells and endothelial cells of KS lesions. KSHV appears to be a transmissible B-lymphotropic herpesvirus. It is detectable in circulating B cells in some HIV-infected patients, and this finding appears to predict the future development of KS among these individuals. KSHV has been identified in a rare and distinct subset of malignant lymphoma referred to as body cavity-based lymphoma but not in other lymphoid neoplasms. KSHV is absent from most other HIV- and non-HIV-associated lymphadenopathies.
Further studies should lead to a better understanding of the role of KSHV in the pathogenesis of these disorders and may eventually show that KSHV represents the long sought-after etiologic agent of Kaposi's sarcoma.
运用代表性差异分析，在一例与艾滋病相关的卡波西肉瘤（KS）损害中发现了两个新的非人类DNA片段。
这些序列属于一种先前未被识别的γ-2-疱疹病毒，与猴疱疹病毒和爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒具有同源性。这种病毒被命名为卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV），并暂时指定为人疱疹病毒8型（HHV-8）。
在超过90%的经典地中海型、医源性、非洲地方性和艾滋病流行型KS损害中可检测到KSHV。原位PCR研究已在KS损害的梭形细胞和内皮细胞中证实了KSHV的存在。KSHV似乎是一种可传播的嗜B淋巴细胞疱疹病毒。在一些感染HIV的患者的循环B细胞中可检测到它，这一发现似乎预示着这些个体中KS的未来发展。KSHV已在一种罕见且独特的恶性淋巴瘤亚型，即体腔淋巴瘤中被鉴定出来，但在其他淋巴样肿瘤中未被发现。在大多数其他与HIV相关和非HIV相关的淋巴结病中不存在KSHV。
进一步的研究应能更好地理解KSHV在这些疾病发病机制中的作用，并最终可能表明KSHV代表了长期以来寻找的卡波西肉瘤的病原体。
