First impressions of the nurse and nursing care.

Patients (N = 1,180), nurses (N = 918), and administrators (N = 332) in 22 acute care hospitals across the country were surveyed regarding their first impression of the professional image communicated by nurses' uniforms. The Nurse Image Scale, with pictures of the same nurse in nine different uniforms, was used as the data gathering tool. A comparison of the mean score of each uniform as rated by all respondents (N = 2,430) showed the white pant uniform with stethoscope was rated significantly higher than other uniforms. The white pant uniform with cap, dress with cap, pants suit, and dress with stethoscope scored closely in a second place grouping. The white dress uniform and street clothes with laboratory coat tied for third place. Colored designer scrubs and white pants with colored top scored lowest. Ratings of patients, nurses, and administrators were similar, although patients tended to rank some uniforms significantly differently than nurses and administrators. The nurse in the pant uniform with stethoscope was most preferred for care. Least preferred was the nurse in colored scrubs and street clothes with lab coat. These findings point to the need for nurses to be differentiated from auxiliary health care personnel and to project a professional image in a competitive health care environment.