Bilbao Garay J, Hoyo Jiménez J F, López Jiménez M, Vinuesa Sebastián M, Perianes Matesanz J, Muñoz Moreno P, Ruiz Galiana J
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Móstoles, Madrid.
Rev Clin Esp. 1997 Feb;197(2):92-5.
To report the clinical manifestations and analytical findings in an epidemic outbreak of acute food poisoning with clenbuterol.
The clinical manifestations, physical examination findings and results of complementary tests are reported of fifteen patients performed by veal liver contaminated with clenbuterol. The clinical course of patients at 72 hours is reported. A quantitative measurement of clenbuterol in urine specimens from patients and in a veal liver specimen was performed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).
The male/female distribution of patients was 7/8 respectively, with age ranging from 6 to 44 years. Symptoms appeared after 30 minutes to 2 hours of having ingested veal liver in 93% of cases. Patients presented at the Emergency Department with tremors, palpitations, anxiety, malaise, nausea, and pruritus as the most common complaints. On physical examination tachycardia was noted in 100% of cases. The analytical data included mild hypokaliemia (66%) and leukocytosis (28%). Only one patient required hospital admission on account of an hypertensive crisis. After 72 hours, 67% of patients were asymptomatic. The remaining patients had mild symptoms which included headache, myalgia, asthenia and anorexia. Serum potassium values returned to normality (p < 0.05). Urine measurements of clenbuterol were positive for all analyzed cases (50 +/- 42 ng/ml). The concentration of clenbuterol in a veal liver sample was 500 ppb.
Clenbuterol poisoning should be suspected when symptoms of adrenergic hyperstimulation occur after the ingestion of meal, usually liver. Common symptoms include tachycardia and mild hypopotasemia. Diagnosis is confirmed by quantitative measurement of clenbuterol in urine. Most patients improve spontaneously shortly afterwards.
报告一起克伦特罗急性食物中毒疫情的临床表现及分析结果。
报告了15例食用受克伦特罗污染的小牛肉肝后患者的临床表现、体格检查结果及补充检查结果。报告了患者72小时的临床病程。采用高压液相色谱法（HPLC）对患者尿液标本和一份小牛肉肝标本中的克伦特罗进行定量测定。
患者男女分布分别为7/8，年龄在6至44岁之间。93%的病例在摄入小牛肉肝后30分钟至2小时出现症状。患者到急诊科就诊时最常见的主诉为震颤、心悸、焦虑、不适、恶心和瘙痒。体格检查发现100%的病例有心动过速。分析数据包括轻度低钾血症（66%）和白细胞增多（28%）。仅1例患者因高血压危象需要住院治疗。72小时后，67%的患者无症状。其余患者有轻度症状，包括头痛、肌痛、乏力和厌食。血清钾值恢复正常（p < 0.05）。所有分析病例的尿液克伦特罗测定均为阳性（50 +/- 42 ng/ml）。一份小牛肉肝样本中克伦特罗的浓度为500 ppb。
当进食（通常是肝脏）后出现肾上腺素能过度刺激症状时，应怀疑克伦特罗中毒。常见症状包括心动过速和轻度低钾血症。通过尿液中克伦特罗的定量测定确诊。大多数患者随后不久会自发好转。
