Sporano V, Grasso L, Esposito M, Oliviero G, Brambilla G, Loizzo A
Dipartimento di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy.
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1998 Jun;40(3):141-3.
beta 2-adrenergic agonists, particularly clenbuterol, are illegally used as growth promoters to obtain lean in meat. Their administration in feedlots can constitute a severe risk for animal welfare and exposes consumers to involuntary drug consumption at pharmacological active concentrations. Reported poisoning episodes have been associated with the consumption of beef liver where clenbuterol residues concentrate. In August 1996, 62 persons asked for medical help at the emergency rooms of 2 hospitals near the city of Caserta (Italy). Their clinical profile was characteristic of previously occurring clenbuterol intoxication, which reported superventricular extrasystoles and atrial fibrillation. All patients had non-liver beef meat consumption 10-30 min to 2-3 h before symptoms developed. An ELISA screening test specific for clenbuterol confirmed the drug's presence. Definitive confirmation of clenbuterol and determination of the drug content in meat samples were obtained by GC-MS, using 2 different derivatization. Concentrations in the meats ranged from 0.8 to 7.4 mg/kg. These analytical data provided evidence of the seriousness of the poisoning and helped the National Health System identify other possible misinterpreted cases. This case demonstrates that clenbuterol poisoning can also occur after consumption of beef meat other than liver.
β2-肾上腺素能激动剂，尤其是克伦特罗，被非法用作生长促进剂以增加肉类瘦肉量。在饲养场使用这些药物会对动物福利构成严重风险，并使消费者在不知不觉中摄入药理活性浓度的药物。据报道，中毒事件与食用克伦特罗残留量高的牛肝有关。1996年8月，意大利卡塞塔市附近两家医院的急诊室有62人寻求医疗帮助。他们的临床症状具有先前克伦特罗中毒的特征，表现为室上性早搏和心房颤动。所有患者在症状出现前10 - 30分钟至2 - 3小时都食用了非肝脏牛肉。一种针对克伦特罗的ELISA筛查试验证实了药物的存在。通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS），采用两种不同的衍生化方法，对肉类样品中的克伦特罗进行了最终确认并测定了药物含量。肉类中的浓度范围为0.8至7.4毫克/千克。这些分析数据证明了中毒的严重性，并帮助国家卫生系统识别其他可能被误诊的病例。该案例表明，食用非肝脏牛肉也可能发生克伦特罗中毒。
