Kaneene J B, Miller R, Ross W A, Gallagher K, Marteniuk J, Rook J
Population Medicine Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1314, USA.
Prev Vet Med. 1997 Apr;30(1):23-36. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5877(96)01102-6.
A population-based prospective epidemiological study was conducted to assess risk factors for equine colic. A stratified sample of 3925 equids in 138 randomly selected equine farms in the state of Michigan was monitored in two 12-month rounds of data collection. Incidence densities were used to describe the rate of development of colic in the study population. Mortality rates, case fatality rates and survival rates were used to describe the severity of colic on the study population. Multivariable logistic regressions with random effects (grouped according to farm) were used to identify risk factors associated with occurrence of colic. A total of 3175 equids from 132 farms from the starting population of 3925 equids in 138 farms was used in the multivariable analysis. There were 77 cases of colic reported during the study period in 62 animals. Of these animals, 54 (87%) had one case, 5 (8%) had two cases, 2 (3%) had three cases, and 1 (2%) had seven cases. Of the cases reported, 49 (64%) were non-specific diagnoses, 13 (17%) impaction/acute intestinal obstruction colics, 7 (9%) spasmodic colics, 4 (5%) sand colics, 2 (3%) gas colics, 1 (1%) verminous mesenteric arteritis, and 1 (1%) enteritis due to ingestion of moldy grain. The annual incidence density of colic in the study was 3.5 cases per 100 equid-years. The surgical treatment risk was 17% (13/77). The overall mortality risk due to colic was 0.5 deaths per 100 equids, and the case fatality risk was 13% (10/77). The case fatality risk for cases treated surgically was 31% (4/13), while the case fatality risk for non-surgical colics was 10% (7/69). Risk factors associated with significantly increased likelihood of developing colic were foaling during the study, deworming during the study, increased age, and participation in showing activities. Geldings and equids provided group drinking water from sources other than tanks, buckets and automatic waterers were significantly associated with reduced risk of colic.
开展了一项基于人群的前瞻性流行病学研究，以评估马属动物绞痛的风险因素。在密歇根州138个随机选取的养马场中，对3925匹马属动物进行分层抽样，在两轮为期12个月的数据收集过程中进行监测。发病率密度用于描述研究人群中绞痛的发生速率。死亡率、病死率和生存率用于描述研究人群中绞痛的严重程度。采用具有随机效应（按农场分组）的多变量逻辑回归来确定与绞痛发生相关的风险因素。在多变量分析中，使用了来自138个农场中最初3925匹马属动物中的132个农场的3175匹马属动物。在研究期间，62只动物报告了77例绞痛病例。在这些动物中，54只（87%）有1例，5只（8%）有2例，2只（3%）有3例，1只（2%）有7例。在报告的病例中，49例（64%）为非特异性诊断，13例（17%）为阻塞性/急性肠梗阻绞痛，7例（9%）为痉挛性绞痛，4例（5%）为沙积性绞痛，2例（3%）为气积性绞痛，1例（1%）为蠕虫性肠系膜动脉炎，1例（1%）为因摄入发霉谷物导致的肠炎。该研究中绞痛的年发病率密度为每100马属动物年3.5例。手术治疗风险为17%（13/77）。因绞痛导致的总体死亡风险为每100匹马属动物0.5例死亡，病死率风险为13%（10/77）。手术治疗病例的病死率风险为31%（4/13），而非手术绞痛病例的病死率风险为10%（7/69）。与绞痛发生可能性显著增加相关的风险因素包括在研究期间产驹、在研究期间驱虫、年龄增加以及参加表演活动。去势公马和从水箱、水桶及自动饮水器以外的水源获取集体饮用水的马属动物与绞痛风险降低显著相关。
