Tinker M K, White N A, Lessard P, Thatcher C D, Pelzer K D, Davis B, Carmel D K
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, USA.
Equine Vet J. 1997 Nov;29(6):454-8. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb03158.x.
A 1 year prospective study was conducted on 31 horse farms to identify risk factors for equine colic. Farms were randomly selected from a list from 2 adjacent counties of Virginia and Maryland, USA. The association between colic and farm or individual horse risk factors related to management, housing, pasture, use, nutrition, health and events was first examined by univariate statistical analysis. Individually significant (P < = 0.25 for farm factors, P < = 0.10 for horse factors) variables were used in a stepwise multivariable forward logistic regression to select explanatory factors (P < = 0.05). Analysis was conducted at 2 levels: farm and individual horse with farm specified as a random effects variable. No farm-level variables were significant. Significant horse-level variables included: age, odds ratio (OR) = 2.8 for horses age 2-10 years compared to < 2 years; history of previous colic, OR = 3.6 relative to no colic; changes in concentrate feeding during the year (1 per year, OR = 3.6, more than 1, OR = 2.2) relative to no changes; more than 1 change in hay feeding during the year, OR = 2.1 relative to no changes; feeding high levels of concentrate (> 2.5 kg/day dry matter, OR = 4.8, > 5 kg/day dry matter, OR = 6.3) relative to feeding no concentrate; and vaccination with monocytic ehrlichiosis vaccine during the study, OR = 2.0 relative to no vaccination. Feeding a whole grain with or without other concentrate components reduced risk, OR = 0.4, relative to feeding no whole grain. Results of the study suggest that diet and changes in diet are important risks for colic in a population of horses on farms.
对31个马场进行了为期1年的前瞻性研究，以确定马患绞痛的风险因素。这些马场是从美国弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州相邻的两个县的一份名单中随机挑选出来的。首先通过单变量统计分析来研究绞痛与农场或与管理、住房、牧场、用途、营养、健康及事件相关的个体马匹风险因素之间的关联。在逐步多变量向前逻辑回归中使用个体显著（农场因素P<=0.25，马匹因素P<=0.10）的变量来选择解释因素（P<=0.05）。分析在两个层面进行：农场层面和个体马匹层面，将农场指定为随机效应变量。没有农场层面的变量具有显著性。显著的马匹层面变量包括：年龄，2至10岁的马匹与小于2岁的马匹相比，优势比（OR）=2.8；有绞痛病史，相对于无绞痛，OR=3.6；一年中精饲料喂养的变化（每年1次，OR=3.6，超过1次，OR=2.2）相对于无变化；一年中干草喂养变化超过1次，相对于无变化，OR=2.1；相对于不喂精饲料，喂高水平精饲料（>2.5千克/天干物质，OR=4.8，>5千克/天干物质，OR=6.3）；以及在研究期间接种单核细胞埃立克体病疫苗，相对于未接种疫苗，OR=2.0。与不喂整粒谷物相比，喂整粒谷物（无论有无其他精饲料成分）可降低风险，OR=0.4。研究结果表明，饮食及饮食变化是农场马匹群体患绞痛的重要风险因素。
