Williams C L, Campanaro L A, Squillace M, Bollella M
Child Health Center, American Health Foundation, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 May 28;817:225-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48209.x.
Evaluation of obese children and adolescents in the pediatric office or clinic should include baseline assessment of weight for height and body fatness; rule out endocrine and genetic causes of obesity; and evaluate other health-risk factors, such as those for cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and hypertension. Treatment of obesity is most successful if realistic goals are set; a balanced low-fat/high-fiber diet is stressed; a safe rate of weight loss of 1 to 2 pounds per week is achieved through a moderate reduction of caloric intake (approximately 20-25% decrease); increased physical activity is stressed as much as diet; parental support is strong; and behavior therapy is provided during the course of treatment to help both child and parent achieve the diet, exercise, and behavior goals.
在儿科诊所或诊室对肥胖儿童及青少年进行评估时，应包括对身高体重和体脂的基线评估；排除肥胖的内分泌和遗传病因；并评估其他健康风险因素，如心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病和高血压的风险因素。如果设定了现实可行的目标，肥胖治疗最有可能成功；强调均衡的低脂/高纤维饮食；通过适度减少热量摄入（约减少20 - 25%）实现每周安全减重1至2磅的速度；像强调饮食一样重视增加身体活动；父母给予大力支持；并且在治疗过程中提供行为疗法，以帮助儿童和家长实现饮食、运动及行为目标。
