Krause N, Ragland D R, Greiner B A, Syme S L, Fisher J M
School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-7360, USA.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1997 Jun;23(3):179-86. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.196.
This cross-sectional study examined associations between psychosocial job factors and the prevalence of nondisabling back and neck pain in professional drivers after physical work load was taken into account.
A total of 1449 transit vehicle operators completed a medical examination and a questionnaire yielding information on demographic and anthropometric variables, health status, and physical and psychosocial job factors. Company records were used to supplement information on employment history. Physical work load was measured in life-time years and current weekly hours of professional driving. The relation of psychosocial factors with back or neck pain was analyzed by logistic regression models adjusted for past and current physical work load, vehicle type, age, gender, body height, and weight.
The main result of this study was that both physical work load and psychosocial factors were simultaneously and independently associated with back or neck pain. Psychosocial factors associated with back or neck pain included extended uninterrupted driving driving periods, frequency of job problems, high psychosocial demands, high job dissatisfaction, and low supervisory support. An analysis of specific job problems is provided which may be useful in setting priorities for research and intervention efforts in this high risk occupation.
The results provide support for the role of psychosocial job characteristics in the etiology of back or neck pain in occupational settings.
这项横断面研究在考虑了体力工作负荷之后，考察了心理社会工作因素与职业司机非致残性背痛和颈痛患病率之间的关联。
共有1449名公交车辆驾驶员完成了一次医学检查以及一份调查问卷，该问卷提供了有关人口统计学和人体测量学变量、健康状况以及身体和心理社会工作因素的信息。公司记录被用于补充就业历史信息。体力工作负荷通过职业驾驶的终生年数和当前每周小时数来衡量。通过对过去和当前的体力工作负荷、车辆类型、年龄、性别、身高和体重进行调整的逻辑回归模型，分析心理社会因素与背痛或颈痛之间的关系。
本研究的主要结果是，体力工作负荷和心理社会因素均与背痛或颈痛同时且独立相关。与背痛或颈痛相关的心理社会因素包括长时间不间断驾驶、工作问题的频率、高心理社会需求、高工作不满以及低监督支持。提供了对特定工作问题的分析，这可能有助于为这个高风险职业的研究和干预工作确定优先事项。
研究结果支持心理社会工作特征在职业环境中背痛或颈痛病因学中的作用。
