Manis F R, Mcbride-Chang C, Seidenberg M S, Keating P, Doi L M, Munson B, Petersen A
Psychology Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1061, USA.
J Exp Child Psychol. 1997 Aug;66(2):211-35. doi: 10.1006/jecp.1997.2383.
Phonological awareness and phoneme identification tasks were administered to dyslexic children and both chronological age (CA) and reading-level (RL) comparison groups. Dyslexic children showed less sharply defined categorical perception of a bath-path continuum varying voice onset time when compared to the CA but not the RL group. The dyslexic children were divided into two subgroups based on phoneme awareness. Dyslexics with low phonemic awareness made poorer /b/-/p/ distinctions than both CA and RL groups, but dyslexics with normal phonemic awareness did not. Examination of individual profiles revealed that the majority of subjects in each group exhibited normal categorical perception. However, 7 of 25 dyslexics had abnormal identification functions, compared to 1 subject in the CA group and 3 in the RL group. The results suggest that some dyslexic children have a perceptual deficit that may interfere with processing of phonological information. Speech perception difficulties may also be partially related to reading experience.
对诵读困难儿童以及按实际年龄（CA）和阅读水平（RL）划分的对照组进行了语音意识和音素识别任务测试。与实际年龄组相比，诵读困难儿童在区分发音起始时间不同的“bath”和“path”连续体时，其分类感知的清晰度较低，但与阅读水平组相比则无此差异。根据音素意识，诵读困难儿童被分为两个亚组。音素意识较低的诵读困难儿童在区分/b/和/p/方面比实际年龄组和阅读水平组都差，但音素意识正常的诵读困难儿童则不然。对个体情况的检查表明，每组中的大多数受试者都表现出正常的分类感知。然而，25名诵读困难儿童中有7名具有异常的识别功能，相比之下，实际年龄组有1名，阅读水平组有3名。结果表明，一些诵读困难儿童存在感知缺陷，这可能会干扰语音信息的处理。言语感知困难也可能部分与阅读经验有关。
