Etter J F, Perneger T V, Ronchi A
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Geneva, CMU, Switzerland.
Prev Med. 1997 Jul-Aug;26(4):580-5. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1997.0179.
The goals of this study were to describe the distribution of smokers by stage of change in Geneva, Switzerland; to compare this result with distributions observed in other countries; and to assess whether, across samples from different countries, the stage distribution of current smokers was associated with the prevalence of smoking.
Two mailed surveys were conducted in Geneva in 1995-1996, in a representative sample of residents (n = 742) and in a representative sample of university members (n = 2,270). A literature review produced seven studies describing the stage distribution in representative samples.
In the Geneva population, 74% of smokers were in the precontemplation stage, 22% in contemplation, and 4% in preparation. In the university sample, the corresponding figures were 72, 20, and 8%. Our results were similar to other European samples, but less favorable than in American samples, where these distributions were typically 40, 40, and 20%, respectively. Across all samples, a low prevalence of smoking was associated with a more favorable stage distribution (r = 0.88, P = 0.002).
Interventions in Europe need to take into account the large proportion of precontemplators repeatedly observed among smokers. A shift to the right of the distribution of current smokers across stages may help increase quit rates and thereby reduce smoking prevalence. This hypothesis should be tested in prospective intervention studies.
本研究的目的是描述瑞士日内瓦吸烟者按行为改变阶段的分布情况；将这一结果与其他国家观察到的分布情况进行比较；并评估在来自不同国家的样本中，当前吸烟者的阶段分布是否与吸烟流行率相关。
1995 - 1996年在日内瓦进行了两次邮寄调查，一次针对居民代表性样本（n = 742），另一次针对大学成员代表性样本（n = 2270）。一项文献综述得出了七项描述代表性样本中阶段分布的研究。
在日内瓦人群中，74%的吸烟者处于未打算阶段，22%处于打算阶段，4%处于准备阶段。在大学样本中，相应数字分别为72%、20%和8%。我们的结果与其他欧洲样本相似，但不如美国样本理想，在美国样本中这些分布通常分别为40%、40%和20%。在所有样本中，吸烟流行率低与更有利的阶段分布相关（r = 0.88，P = 0.002）。
在欧洲进行干预需要考虑到在吸烟者中反复观察到的未打算者的很大比例。当前吸烟者在各阶段的分布向右移动可能有助于提高戒烟率，从而降低吸烟流行率。这一假设应在前瞻性干预研究中进行检验。
