Seymour R A, Thomason J M, Nolan A
Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
J Oral Pathol Med. 1997 Aug;26(7):297-304. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.1997.tb00219.x.
Patients who have undergone organ transplantation can present with a variety of oral lesions that appear to be related either directly to their medication or arise as a consequence of drug-induced immunosuppression. Such lesions include hairy leukoplakia, an increased propensity to both fungal and viral infections and a high incidence of malignant change, especially lip cancer. Cyclosporin remains the immunosuppressant of choice in most transplant patients. Gingival overgrowth is the main unwanted oral effect associated with cyclosporin. Some 30% of dentate transplant experience this problem, which is further compounded by concomitant medication with a calcium channel blocker. This review appraises the various oral problems that can arise in this group of patients and emphasises the importance of regular oral screening and the establishment of links with the various transplant teams.
接受过器官移植的患者可能会出现多种口腔病变，这些病变似乎要么直接与其所服用的药物有关，要么是药物引起的免疫抑制的结果。此类病变包括毛状白斑、真菌和病毒感染倾向增加以及恶变发生率高，尤其是唇癌。环孢素仍是大多数移植患者首选的免疫抑制剂。牙龈增生是与环孢素相关的主要不良口腔效应。约30%的有牙移植患者会出现这个问题，同时服用钙通道阻滞剂会使情况更加复杂。这篇综述评估了这类患者可能出现的各种口腔问题，并强调了定期口腔筛查以及与各移植团队建立联系的重要性。
