Dwyer M R, Kubena L F, Harvey R B, Mayura K, Sarr A B, Buckley S, Bailey R H, Phillips T D
Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843, USA.
Poult Sci. 1997 Aug;76(8):1141-9. doi: 10.1093/ps/76.8.1141.
Previous studies with cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) have indicated that this mycotoxin strongly adsorbs onto the surface of a naturally acidic phyllosilicate clay (AC). The objective of this study was to determine whether AC (and similar adsorbents) could protect against the toxicity of CPA in vivo. Acidic phyllosilicate clay, neutral phyllosilicate clay (NC, or hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate), and a common zeolite (CZ, or clinoptilolite) were evaluated. One-day-old broiler chicks consumed diets containing 0 or 45 mg/kg CPA alone or in combination with 1% AC, NC, or CZ ad libitum from Day 1 to 21. Body weight, feed consumption, feed:gain, hematology, serum biochemical values, and enzyme activities were evaluated. Compared to controls, CPA alone reduced body weight at Day 21 by a total of 26% and resulted in a significantly higher feed:gain ratio. Toxicity of CPA was also expressed through increased relative weights of kidney, proventriculus, and gizzard. Also, there were some alterations in hematology, serum biochemical values, and enzyme activities. Treatment with inorganic adsorbents did not effectively diminish the growth-inhibitory effects of CPA or the increased weights of organs, although there was some protection from hematological, serum biochemical, and enzymatic changes produced by CPA. The results of this study suggest that in vitro binding of CPA to clay does not accurately forecast its efficacy in vivo; the reasons for this discrepancy are not clear, but they may be related to differences in clay binding capacity and ligand selectivity for CPA in vitro vs in vivo. Predictions about the ability of inorganic adsorbents to protect chickens from the adverse effects of mycotoxins should be approached with caution and should be confirmed in vivo, paying particular attention to the potential for nutrient interactions.
先前对环匹阿尼酸（CPA）的研究表明，这种霉菌毒素能强烈吸附在天然酸性层状硅酸盐黏土（AC）表面。本研究的目的是确定AC（以及类似吸附剂）在体内是否能抵御CPA的毒性。对酸性层状硅酸盐黏土、中性层状硅酸盐黏土（NC，即水合钠钙铝硅酸盐）和一种常见沸石（CZ，即斜发沸石）进行了评估。1日龄的肉鸡从第1天到第21天随意采食含有0或45 mg/kg CPA单独添加或与1% AC、NC或CZ混合添加的日粮。评估了体重、采食量、料重比、血液学指标、血清生化值和酶活性。与对照组相比，单独使用CPA使第21天的体重总共降低了26%，并导致料重比显著升高。CPA的毒性还表现为肾脏、腺胃和肌胃的相对重量增加。此外，血液学指标、血清生化值和酶活性也有一些变化。无机吸附剂处理并不能有效减轻CPA对生长的抑制作用或器官重量的增加，尽管对CPA引起的血液学、血清生化和酶学变化有一定的保护作用。本研究结果表明，CPA在体外与黏土的结合并不能准确预测其在体内的功效；这种差异的原因尚不清楚，但可能与体外和体内黏土对CPA的结合能力和配体选择性差异有关。关于无机吸附剂保护鸡免受霉菌毒素不良影响能力的预测应谨慎对待，并应在体内得到证实，尤其要注意营养相互作用的可能性。
