Kleinpell R M
Rush University College of Nursing, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Nurs Clin North Am. 1997 Sep;32(3):513-20.
While it is clear that measuring outcomes is important, choosing which outcomes to measure remains unclear. Controversy exists in outcomes measurement as to which specific outcome measures should be selected. Additionally, should one set of outcome measures be used for one purpose, such as comparing overall medical outcomes and another set used for another purpose, such as comparing individual patient outcomes? While it becomes obvious that comparisons would be easier if the same outcomes were used, knowing which outcomes to choose to best measure an effect is not always an easy task. The challenge in outcomes measurement comes in selecting outcomes that are comprehensive, comparable, meaningful, and accurate in their reflection of the effects of care.
虽然很明显衡量结果很重要，但选择衡量哪些结果仍不明确。在结果测量方面存在争议，即应选择哪些具体的结果测量指标。此外，一组结果测量指标是否应用于一个目的，比如比较总体医疗结果，而另一组用于另一个目的，比如比较个体患者结果？虽然如果使用相同的结果进行比较会更明显，但知道选择哪些结果来最好地衡量效果并非总是易事。结果测量的挑战在于选择那些全面、可比、有意义且能准确反映护理效果的结果。
