Reich J
Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 1997 Jul 4;71(2):77-82. doi: 10.1016/s0165-1781(97)00049-8.
The prevalence of antisocial traits was investigated in a group of veterans who were in treatment at an out-patient psychiatric clinic and who did not meet diagnostic criteria for an antisocial personality disorder. Standardized DSM-III-R interviews were used to diagnose Axis I disorders and antisocial personality disorders and traits. Frequencies of antisocial traits were compared between patients and controls as well as between diagnostic subgroups in the clinical population. Odds ratios were used to assess the effect of antisocial traits on several standardized measures of functioning. There was no overall difference in the dimensional measure of antisocial traits between the clinical and normal groups. There were trends for the frequency of individual traits to vary by Axis I diagnosis. The amount of antisocial traits (measured dimensionally) negatively affected measures of functioning for the overall clinical population. Different specific antisocial traits were associated with trends towards poorer functioning in the alcohol, major depression and post-traumatic stress syndrome subgroups. It is recommended that future research in the area of antisocial traits pay careful attention to the possible negative effects on functioning of subthreshold antisocial traits and also to Axis I comorbidity.
在一组于门诊精神科诊所接受治疗且不符合反社会人格障碍诊断标准的退伍军人中，对反社会特质的患病率进行了调查。采用标准化的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）访谈来诊断轴I障碍和反社会人格障碍及特质。比较了患者与对照组之间以及临床人群中各诊断亚组之间反社会特质的频率。使用比值比来评估反社会特质对几种标准化功能测量指标的影响。临床组与正常组在反社会特质的维度测量上没有总体差异。个别特质的频率有因轴I诊断而异的趋势。反社会特质的数量（以维度方式测量）对整个临床人群的功能测量指标有负面影响。不同的特定反社会特质与酒精、重度抑郁和创伤后应激综合征亚组中功能较差的趋势相关。建议未来在反社会特质领域的研究要仔细关注阈下反社会特质对功能可能产生的负面影响以及轴I共病情况。
